影响暗黑鳃金龟成虫取食、寿命及生殖力的植物叶片营养成分分析

【目的】分析植物叶片中主要营养成分与暗黑鳃金龟Holotrichia parallela成虫取食偏好关系，明确影响其成虫取食、寿命及生殖力的主要营养成分。【方法】测定室内5种植物(花生、核桃、榆树、金叶女贞和毛白杨)叶片饲养的暗黑鳃金龟成虫寿命、取食量和产卵量，分析植物叶片中4种主要营养成分(氨基酸、脂肪酸、粗纤维和总磷)含量与暗黑鳃金龟成虫取食、寿命和生殖力之间的相关性。【结果】暗黑鳃金龟成虫对5种植物叶片的日均取食量由高到低依次为：花生>核桃>榆树>金叶女贞>毛白杨；取食核桃、花生和榆树叶片的成虫总取食量和单雌总产卵量与取食金叶女贞和毛白杨的成虫间均差异极显著(P<0.01)。成虫总取食量与植物叶片中氨基酸含量显著相关(P<0.05; r=0.515)；成虫单雌总产卵量与植物叶片中脂肪酸及氨基酸含量间极显著相关(P<0.01)(分别为：r=0.698和r=0.746)。植物叶片中必需氨基酸含量与成虫取食量和产卵量相关性与植物叶片中总氨基酸含量与成虫取食量和产卵量的相关性基本一致；成虫取食量与植物叶片中赖氨酸含量最相关，而成虫单雌总产卵量与植物叶片中各种必需氨基酸含量均相关。成虫寿命与植物叶片营养成分含量不相关。【结论】植物叶片中的赖氨酸含量是影响暗黑鳃金龟成虫取食偏好的关键因子，植物叶片中必需氨基酸含量和脂肪酸含量影响暗黑鳃金龟生殖力。

Analysis of nutritional components in plant leaves affecting the feeding,longevity and fecundity of Holotrichia parallela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) adults

【Aim】 This study aims to ascertain the relationship between the main nutritional components in plant leaves and the feeding preference of Holotrichia parallela adults, and to identify the main nutritional components affecting its adult feeding, longevity and fecundity. 【Methods】 The longevity, feeding amount and oviposition amount of H. parallela adults on five kinds of plants (Arachis hypogaea, Juglans regia, Ulmus pumila, Ligustrum vicaryi and Populus tomentosa) in the laboratory were determined, and the correlation between the contents of four main nutritional components (amino acid, fatty acid, crude fiber and total phosphorus) in plant leaves and the feeding amount, oviposition amount and longevity of H. parallela adults was analyzed. 【Results】 The daily average feeding amount of H. parallela adults on the leaves of five kinds of plants ranked in descending order as: A. hypogaea>J. regia>U. pumila>L. vicaryi>P. tomentosa. The total feeding amount and total oviposition amount per adult on J. regia, A. hypogaea and U. pumila leaves were significantly higher than those on L. vicaryi and P. tomentosa leaves (P<0.01). The total feeding amount of H. parallela adults showed significant correlation with the content of amino acids in plant leaves (P<0.05; r=0.515). Moreover, the total oviposition amount per female adult of H. parallela showed extremely significant correlation with the contents of fatty acids and amino acids in plant leaves (P<0.01)(r=0.698 and r=0.746, respectively). The correlations between the contents of essential amino acids in plant leaves and the feeding amount and oviposition amount of H. parallela adults were similar to those between the content of total amino acids in plant leaves and the feeding amount and oviposition amount of H. parallela adults. The total feeding amount of H. parallela adults showed the most significant correlation with the content of lysine in plant leaves, and the total oviposition amount per adult showed a correlation with the contents of essential amino acids in plant leaves. Adult longevity was not correlated with the contents of nutritional components of plant leaves. 【Conclusion】 The lysine content in the plant leaves is the key factor that affects the feeding preference of H. parallela adults, and the contents of essential amino acids and fatty acids in plant leaves further affect its fecundity.