耦合出力破坏深度与弃电准则的梯级水风光互补调度规则研究

梯级水电调度规则是指导控制型水库发电蓄放水的重要依据。随机、波动、间歇性新能源的接入改变了梯级水电运行边界，增加了缺电、弃电风险，导致仅考虑径流季节性波动的调度规则不再适用。依托贵州某梯级水风光综合基地实际工程，剖析了导致缺电、弃电的因素，并从规则形式和模型构建角度给出解决方案。在标准调度规则的基础上，结合对冲规则、满蓄规则，并考虑输电通道容量限制与新能源消纳规则，提出梯级水风光六段式互补调度规则，以减少缺电、弃电;提出出力破坏深度指标度量缺电风险、提出弃电准则避免非必要弃电，并以规则参数为决策变量构建多目标参数模拟优化模型;采用目标优先级非支配排序遗传算法优化规则参数。设置多种新能源装机容量场景、输电通道容量场景和对比规则，从多角度验证本文方法的有效性。结果表明，本文方法能够显著降低梯级水风光综合基地缺电、弃电风险，提高发电量，其中出力破坏深度指标使缺电程度平均降低36.04%、弃电准则使弃电平均减少7.96%。最后，绘制更加简明、直观的梯级水风光互补调度图，以便于实际应用。

Research on cascade hydro-wind-solar complementary operation rules coupling power damage depth and energy curtailment criterion

Cascade hydropower operation rules are important basis for storage and discharge of controlled reservoirs.The integration of random, fluctuating and intermittent new energy changes operating boundary of cascade hydropower plants, increases energy shortage and curtailment risk, and makes operation rules that only consider seasonal fluctuations of runoff no longer applicable.Based on the actual project of the Cascade Hydro-wind-solar Integrated Base in Guizhou, the factors leading to energy shortage and curtailment are analyzed, and solutions are given from the perspective of rule form and model construction.On the basis of standard operation rules, combined with hedging rules, packing rules, and considering transmission channel capacity constraints and new energy consumption rules, a cascaded hydro-wind-solar six segment complementary operation rules are proposed to reduce energy shortage and curtailment.Proposed power damage depth index to measure energy shortage risk, proposed energy curtailment criterion to avoid unnecessary energy curtailment, and built a multi-objective parameterization-simulation-optimization model with rule parameters as decision variables.Objective priority non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is used to optimize rule parameters.A variety of new energy installed capacity scenarios, transmission channel capacity scenarios and comparison rules are set to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method from multiple perspectives.The results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce energy shortage and curtailment risk, improve the power generation of the Cascade Hydro-wind-solar Integrated Base, in which the power damage depth reduces the degree of energy shortage by 36.04% on average, and the energy curtailment criterion reduce energy curtailment by 7.96% on average.Finally, draw a more concise and intuitive cascade hydro-wind-solar complementary operation map, which is convenient for practical application.