深圳市福田区印刷行业有机溶液使用情况

目的了解深圳市福田区印刷企业使用的有机溶剂主要挥发性组分及有机溶剂使用现状,为指导辖区印刷行业职业病防治工作提供科学依据。方法对2010—2012年间辖区内86家印刷企业189份有机溶剂挥发性组分检测结果及使用信息调查结果进行分类汇总。结果辖区内86家印刷企业抽检的189份有机溶剂检出的主要化学物质有烷烃类、苯系物、醇类、酯类、酮类、烯烃等化学物,其中检出前3位的化学物质分别为正己烷（27.0%）、甲苯（26.0%）、甲醇（25.4%）,企业能准确提供其使用的有机溶剂成分的仅3份（1.6%）;86家印刷企业以小型企业（93.0%）、私营企业（72.1%）为主,设置有效的局部排风设施的企业为15家（17.4%）,能提供周全、有效个人防护用品企业的仅6家（7.0%）,设置宣传栏的有22家（25.6%）、作业场所粘贴警示标志的有32家（37.2%）,有劳动者培训制度及培训记录的12家（14.0%）。结论正己烷、甲苯是目前辖区内印刷企业的主要职业病危害因素,印刷企业有机溶剂使用极不规范,亟需加大对辖区内的印刷企业职业病防治工作的监管力度,促使企业加强对有机溶剂使用的管理,积极采取预防有机溶剂危害的措施,减少职业病危害事故的发生。

Application status of organic solution in the printing industry in Futian District of Shenzhen City

Objective]To investigate main volatile components in organic solvent and the application status of organic solvent in printing enterprises in Futian District of Shenzhen City,provide scientific basis for guiding the occupational disease prevention in the printing industry.Methods]The detection results of volatile components in 189 organic solvent samples,and the investigation data of using information in 86 printing enterprises of Futian District during 2010-2012 were collected and analyzed.Results]The main chemical substances detected from 189 organic solvent samples of 86 enterprises in the printing industry were alkanes,benzene,alcohols,esters,ketone,and alkene. Among them,n-hexane（ 27. 0%）,methylbenzene（ 26. 0%）,and methyl alcohol（ 25. 4%） were the top 3 chemical substances. There were only 3（ 1. 6%） organic solvent samples which the enterprises could provide the accurate components. Among 86 printing enterprises,93. 0% were small enterprises and 72. 1% were private enterprises. There were 15 enterprises which have set effective facilities of local exhaust（ 17. 4%）,6 enterprises which could provide complete and effective individual protective articles,22 enterprises which have set up billboard（ 25. 6%）,32 enterprises which have pasted warning mark in working place（ 37. 2%）,and 12 enterprises which had training systems and records for laborers（ 14. 0%）.Conclusion]Methylbenzene and n-hexane are the major occupational hazard factors in the printing industry in Futian District,and the application of organic solvent is extremely confused in printing enterprises. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision over occupational disease prevention in enterprises in Futian District,urge the enterprises to enhance management for usage of organic solvent and take preventive measures positively,so as to reduce the occurrence of occupational hazardous accidents.