中东部非洲地质构造单元与成矿区带划分

本文通过总结前人研究资料，认为中东部非洲主要由太古宙克拉通及其周缘的元古代活动带和显生宙沉积组成，并将中东部非洲划分为16个地质构造单元。中东部非洲矿产资源丰富，不同的地质构造单元的矿产资源种类亦不相同。其优势矿种主要有金、铜、钴、钨、锡、铌、钽、镍和宝石矿；金分布在克拉通内的新太古宙花岗绿岩带；铜钴产于新元古代卢菲利安弧层状沉积变质岩内；钨锡铌钽主要产于中元古代基巴拉带造山期后的锡石花岗岩内，多为伟晶岩或石英脉型；镍产于基巴拉带早期的镁铁-超镁铁质岩中；宝石矿多产于高级变质岩内；能源矿产主要位于显生宙陆内盆地及滨海盆地内。

Subdivision of geological units and metallogenic belts in Central-Eastern Africa

Summarizing previous research results of regional geology in Central-eastern Africa suggests that this region is composed of Archean Craton and its surrounding Proterozoic active belts and Phanerozoic sediments deposits, and can be divided into 16 geological units. Central-eastern Africa is rich in mineral resources, and different geological units have different mineral resources. The dominant minerals of this vast region include gold, copper, cobalt, tungsten, tin, niobium, tantalum, nickel and gem. Of them, gold is present in the Neoarchean granite-greenstone belt; copper and cobalt occur in the Neoproterozoic Lufelian arc-like metamorphic sedimentary rocks; tungsten, tin, niobium and tantalum are located in cassiterite granites of Mesoproterozoic Kibaran post orogeny, mostly as Pegmatite or quartz vein type; nickel occurs in the early mafic-ultramafic rocks of the Kibaran belt; gemstones occur commonly in high-grade metamorphic rocks; and energy minerals are primarily located in the Phanerozoic intracontinental or coastal basins.