杭州市城市生活垃圾处理主要温室气体及VOCs排放特征

为了解城市生活垃圾处理过程中主要温室气体及VOCs排放的变化特征，基于《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》《浙江省市县温室气体清单编制指南》和《大气挥发性有机物源排放清单编制技术指南》推荐的方法，估算了2005-2016年杭州市生活垃圾处理主要温室气体及VOCs排放量.结果表明:2005-2016年杭州市生活垃圾处理过程中温室气体排放占绝对主导地位，VOCs排放只占极少一部分.杭州市生活垃圾处理主要温室气体和VOCs排放量总体上呈上升趋势，与2005年相比，2016年杭州市生活垃圾处理主要温室气体排放量增长了68.8%，VOCs排放量增长了134.0%.从生活垃圾处理方式来看，杭州市生活垃圾填埋处理的温室气体排放量远高于焚烧处理方式，但填埋处理的VOCs排放量却低于焚烧处理方式（2007年和2008年除外）.杭州市生活垃圾填埋处理和焚烧处理的温室气体排放强度分别为0.72~0.86、0.18~0.23.从排放贡献和排放强度来看，采用填埋处理方式有利于减少垃圾处理过程中VOCs的排放，而采用焚烧处理方式更有利于温室气体的减排.随着人均生活垃圾产生量的上升，无论是温室气体还是VOCs，杭州市人均垃圾处理排放量总体呈现稳步上升的态势.研究显示，深入垃圾分类回收、控制人均生活垃圾产生量、优化垃圾焚烧处理方式，可以实现生活垃圾处理主要温室气体和VOCs的协同减排. 

Characteristics of Main Greenhouse Gas and VOCs Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Disposal in Hangzhou City

In order to investigate the characteristics of main greenhouse gas (GHG) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from municipal solid waste disposal, this study made use of the '2006 IPCC Guideline for National GHG Inventories', 'Guideline for Zhejiang GHG Inventories' and 'Guideline for Atmospheric VOCs Inventories' to estimate the related GHG and VOCs emissions in Hangzhou City from 2005 to 2016. The results showed that GHG emissions were dominant in the process of municipal solid waste disposal, whereas VOCs emissions accounted for a tiny proportion. The GHG and VOCs emissions from municipal solid waste disposal increased by 68.8% and 134.0%, respectively, between 2005 and 2016. The GHG emissions were much higher from landfill than from incineration. On the contrary, the VOCs emission from landfill were much lower than from incineration (except for the period 2007 and 2008). The intensity of GHG emissions from landfill disposal and incineration was 0.72-0.86 and 0.18-0.23, respectively. In terms of emission contribution and emission intensity, landfill disposal is beneficial to reduce the emissions of VOCs, and incineration is more helpful for reducing GHG emissions. With the increase of solid waste discharge per capita, both GHG and VOCs emissions per capita from municipal solid waste disposal in general showed a steady upward trend. Research showed that the sorting and recycling of solid waste, control of solid waste discharge per person and optimization of solid waste incineration can help achieve simultaneous reductions of GHG and VOCs emissions.