面向电力设备的温度检测节点功耗研究及自供电电源设计

对电网中电力设备进行实时的温度检测是避免电网设备故障与安全事故的重要手段，采用非接触式的无线测温技术是近年来电力系统向智能化发展的重要体现。针对智能电网的发展需求，设计了一种基于无线射频通信技术的温度检测节点，该节点由温度传感器DS18B20、超低功耗单片机PIC18LF14K50与无线射频收发芯片MRF49XA组成，可实现休眠等待、数据采样处理与无线通信3种工作状态。通过设置不同工作状态下的关键参数，对温度检测节点的平均功耗进行测试比较，总结归纳了节点功耗规律。在此基础上，为温度检测节点设计了一种基于LTC3588-1芯片的自供电电源管理单元，采用成熟可靠的感应电流取能技术满足温度检测节点的自供电需求。研究表明，当节点处于充满电状态时，一旦切断能量源，节点仍能持续稳定工作47 h，足以维持温度检测节点的正常工作直至电网恢复正常运行。

Power Consumption and Design of Self-powered Energy Management for Temperature Detecting Node Used in Power Systems

The temperature detection in the electrical power system is a principal method to avoid the equipment failure or accidents. In recent years, the use of the wireless temperature monitoring technique is an important manifestation of the smart electrical power system. In view of the development demand of smart grid, this paper designs a temperature detection node which is based on radio frequency communication technology. The node is composed of temperature sensor DS18B20, ultra-low power SCM PIC18LF14K50 and radio frequency transceiver chip MRF49XA, which can realize three working conditions of dormant wait, data sampling and wireless communication. By setting up the key parameters under different working conditions, the average power consumption of the temperature detection nodes is tested and compared, and the power consumption rules of the nodes are summarized. On this basis, a self-powered supply management unit based on LTC3588-1 chip is designed for the temperature detection node, which adopts the mature and reliable inductive current energy take-up technology to meet the self-powered supply requirements of the temperature detection nodes. The research shows that, when the node is in full electric state, once the energy source is cut off, the node can continue to work steadily for 47 h, which can maintain the normal work of the temperature detection node until the power grid is restored to normal operation.