水体微囊藻毒素污染对人群的非致癌健康风险

利用重庆某区2个水库的水样及水产品中微囊藻毒素的浓度,使用美国环境保护署推荐的健康风险评估模型计算微囊藻毒素通过饮水途径和食用水产品途径的人群非致癌健康年风险度以及两条途径的总非致癌健康年风险度.结果表明饮用水库A水的非致癌健康年风险度为0.001×10-6~0.004×10-6 a-1,饮用水库B水的非致癌健康年风险度为0.002×10-6~0.046×10-6 a-1;食用水库A水产品的非致癌健康年风险度为0.083×10-6~0.262×10-6 a-1,食用水库B水产品的非致癌健康年风险度为0.116×10-6~0.747×10-6 a-1,白鲢是水库A与水库B非致癌健康年风险度最高的水产品.水库A两条暴露途径的总非致癌健康年风险度的最大值为0.266×10-6 a-1;水库B两条暴露途径的总非致癌健康年风险度的最大值是0.793×10-6 a-1.水产品的非致癌健康年风险度高于饮水;水库B两条暴露途径的的总非致癌健康年风险度接近国际上最常用的最大可接受风险水平1.0×10-6 a-1.应优先加强水库B中微囊藻毒素的监测,同时限制食用水库A和水库B的水产品,特别是白鲢.

Assessment on non-carcinogenic health risk of microcytins in the water environment of Chongqing

To assess the non-carcinogenic risk on microcytins for human health in two reservoirs,Chongqing,we adopted the method of USEPA to assess the annual risk of human exposed to microcytins by drinking contaminated water and consuming aquatic products in reservoir A and reservoir B.The results showed the annual non-carcinogenic risk by drinking water of reservoir A rangs from 0.001×10-6 to 0.004×10-6 a-1,while reservoir B rangs from 0.002×10-6 to 0.046×10-6 a-1. By consuming aquatic products, the non-carcinogenic risk of reservoir A rangs from 0.083×10-6 to 0.262×10-6 a-1,and reservoir B rangs from 0.116×10-6 to 0.747×10-6 a-1.The maximal total annual non-carcinogenic risk by drinking contaminated water and consuming aquatic products of reservoir A is 0.266×10-6 a-1,while the reservoir B is 0.793×10-6 a-1.The annual non-carcinogenic risk by consuming aquatic products is higher than drinking water, and silver carp has the highest risk on human health;The total annual non-carcinogenic risk of reservoir B is approaching to the maximum acceptable risk level of 1.0×10-6 a-1.More attentions should be paid to monitor microcystins of reservoir B preferentially,and avoid to consume the aquatic products of contaminated reservoirs, especially silver carp.