基于知识-信念-行为理论的护理干预对重症肌无力患者自我效能和自我负担的影响

目的研究基于知识-信念-行为(KAP)理论的护理干预对重症肌无力(MG)患者自我效能和自我负担的影响。方法将84例MG患者按照随机数表法分为研究组(基于KAP理论的护理干预)和对照组(常规护理干预)。比较两组患者干预前及干预2个月后自我效能(慢性病自我效能量表)、自我负担自我感受负担量表(SPBS)、希望水平Herth希望水平量表(HHI)、生存质量生活质量核心问卷(QLQ-C30)水平。结果干预2个月后,两组GSES、HHI、QLQ-C30评分均较干预前显著上升,且研究组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组SPBS评分水平均较干预前显著下降,研究组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于KAP理论的护理干预能够有效提升重症肌无力患者自我效能、希望水平及生存质量,降低自我负担水平。

The effects of KAP theory-based nursing intervention on self-efficacy and self-burden of patients with myasthenia gravis

Objective To investigate the effects of knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)theory-based nursing intervention on self-efficacy and self-burden of patients with myasthenia gravis(MG).Methods Eighty-four MG patients were divided into study group(KAP theory-based nursing intervention)and control group(routine nursing intervention)according to the random number table method.The self-efficacy measured by using chronic disease self-efficacy scale,self-burden measured by using self-perceived burden scale(SPBS),hope level measured by using Herth hope inventory(HHI)and quality of life measured by using quality of life core questionnaire(QLQ-C30)were compared between the two groups before nursing and after 2 months of nursing.Results After 2 months of intervention,the scores of GSES,HHI and QLQ-C30 in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before intervention,and the scores in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After 2 months of intervention,the SPBS score in the study group was significantly lower than that before intervention,and the score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion KAP theory-based nursing intervention can effectively improve the self-efficacy,hope level and quality of life,and reduce the self-burden of patients with myasthenia gravis.