利用三种梢栖真菌生物防治落叶松枯梢病的研究

从落叶松梢栖真菌筛选出对落叶松枯梢病病原菌有抑制作用的菌株,对落叶松枯梢病进行生物防治。将自落叶松梢部分离到的11种梢栖真菌与落叶松枯梢病病原菌进行对峙培养,根据被覆盖程度、抑菌率、拮抗系数和防治预试验的结果,综合评价后发现:粪生粪壳、深绿木霉和球毛壳3种梢栖真菌对落叶松枯梢病有良好的拮抗作用。利用这3个菌株在黑龙江省勃利县通天一林场国富沟进行林间防治试验,结果表明:防治效果为粪生粪壳>代森锰锌400倍液>深绿木霉>球毛壳;深绿木霉和粪生粪壳喷洒浓度50%和球毛壳喷洒浓度75%时,真菌多样性最多,梢栖真菌系统较其他浓度更为稳定,与化学防治相比,既达到了防治目的又具有不污染环境的优势。

Biocontrolling Larch Shoot Blight by Using Three Species of Dendrocola Fungi

The research aims to using dendrocola fungi of larch shoot to find the fungi which can inhibit Botryosphaeria laricina. During antagonistic activity test of B.laricina against 11 species of dendrocola fungi, the Trichoderma atroviride, Chaetomium globosum and Sordaria fimicola were identified as the biocontrol fungi, based on the overall evaluation of extent of coverage, inhibitory rate, antagonistic coefficient, and indoor infection experiment. Through field biocontrol test in Guofugou (Tongtianyi Forest Farm, Boli County, Heilongjiang Province), it was found that the comprehensive control effect was in the order of S.fimicola>Mancozeb 400 times>T.atroviride>C.globosum. When T.atroviride and S.fimicola were sprayed with a concentration of 50%, and C.globosum was sprayed with a concentration of 75%, there were the greatest diversity of fungi and the system of dendrocola fungi of larch shoot were more stable than other concertration. Compared with chemical control, it could be reaching prevention purpose without polluting the environment.