用于同位素电池的储能复合电极的可行性研究

借鉴太阳能电池Ti/Pd/Ag复合电极的设计方案，将其优化设计为Ti/Pd/Au复合电极并加载氚源，以此验证同位素源与换能器件整合的可行性。在N型单晶硅基体上制备电极，为研究氚在电极中的行为，用氘气模拟氚气对电极进行同位素加载，采用XRD、SEM和四探针研究复合电极的储氚性能、微结构、电学性能等的变化。结果表明：复合电极能吸附氘并生成TiD_x（x≤2），具备一定的储氚性能；在Ti与Si界面处出现了TiSi₂相，表明膜基间发生了合金化，这提高了复合电极与硅基体的结合强度，同时降低了接触电阻；10^-4 Ω?cm量级的表面电阻率基本可满足对电极导电性能的要求。由此可见，Ti/Pd/Au复合电极应用于伏特效应同位素电池是可行的。

Initial Research in Composite Electrodes with Energy Storage Applied for Betavoltaic Isotope Battery

In order to verify the feasibility of integrating isotope source and transduction device, Ti/Pd/Ag composite electrodes applied for solar cell batteries were used for reference, and the optimized Ti/Pd/Au composite electrodes were designed and filled by tritium. Ti/Pd/Au composite electrodes were prepared on the surface of N silicon wafer. Deuterium was loaded into the electrodes to simulate and study the behaviors of tritium in the electrodes. The methods of XRD, SEM and four point probes were used to study the performance changes of the composite electrodes in tritium-storage, micro-structure and conductivity. Ti/Pd/Au composite electrodes can adsorb deuterium and form TiD_x(x≤2), which means that the electrodes can be used as isotope source. TiSi₂ was formed between Ti film and Si substrate due to alloying action, which is helpful to increase adhesion strength and reduce contact resistance between the electrodes and the substrate. Surface resistivity of the composite electrodes (about 10^-4 Ω?cm) can basically meet the conductive requirement. It is a feasible project that the Ti/Pd/Au composite electrodes are applied for betavoltaic isotope batteries.