兔实验性上颌窦炎模型的制备和扩大上颌窦自然开口的疗效

目的 探讨实验性上颌窦炎动物模型的制备方法，并在此基础上讨论扩大兔上颌窦自然开口对慢性上颌窦炎的治疗效果。方法 40只新西兰大白兔分为6组；空白对照组(5侧)，假手术对照组(10侧)、窦口阻塞组(13侧)，仅注入细菌组(10侧)窦口阻塞加注入金黄色葡萄球菌组(20侧)，窦口阻塞加注入肺炎链球菌组(22侧)；将鼻窦炎模型再分为窦口开放和窦口扩大两组，观察术后不同时间的窦腔脓性分泌物和细菌培养情况。结果 对照组(空白对照组 假手术对照组)细菌培养阳性率为13．3％(2／15侧)，窦口阻塞组为84．6％(1l／13侧)，仅注入细菌组为10．0％(1／10侧)，窦口阻塞加注入金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌组均为100．0％(20／20侧，22／22侧)。扩大上颌窦自然开口对实验性上颌窦炎的有效率达80.8％(21／26侧)，开放上颌窦窦口对实验性上颌窦炎的有效率达50．0％(8／16侧)。结论 窦口阻塞加注入细菌的方法可成功制造实验性上颌窦炎模型，窦口扩大术对实验性上颌窦炎的疗效较窦口开放术好。

The methods to create experimental maxillary sinusitis and the curative effect of ostia enlargement operation

Objective To appraise the method of creating experimental maxillary sinusitis and to discuss the therapeutic effect of enlargement of natural ostia of maxillary sinus of rabbits for the sinusitis.Methods Forty New Zealand White rabbits were divided into various groups according to different methods to create the experimental sinusitis including the control on. The other groups were divided according to the presence of open ostia operation and ostia enlargement operation. The purulent discharge from the sinus and bacteria culture were investigated for the various groups. Results The positive rate of bacteria culture was 13.3%(control group:blank control group+sham operation group), 84.6%(ostia block group), 10.0%(bacteria inoculation group) and 100.0%(ostia blocked plus bacteria inoculation group). The effective rates of ostia enlarged operation was 80.8%, and for ostia opened one was 50.0% Conclusions Experimental maxillary sinusitis can be successfully created by bacteria inoculation with an blocked ostium. The curative effect of chronic sinusitis is better with ostia enlarged operation than open ostia operation.