1975~2015年大连市海岸线变迁和围填海变化

本文基于Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像，综合运用RS和GIS技术，结合Google Earth，研究了大连市1975~2015年大陆海岸线及围填海面积和类型的变化。结果显示:（1）大连市海岸线的变迁包括向海扩张和向陆退缩两种情况，以向海扩张为主；（2）1975~1990年、1990~2000年和2000~2015年围填海面积分别为187.56 km2、90.50 km2和425.42 km2，年均增长率分别为12.50 km2/a、9.05 km2/a和28.36 km2/a，其中2000~2015年围填海面积最大，1990~2000年围填海面积最小；（3）1975~2015年围填海覆盖类型中工业用地的比例逐渐增高，水库/坑塘的比例逐渐降低，岛屿和交通用地的比例先降低后升高，水田和裸土只出现在1975~1990年；（4）由于围填海等人类活动，1975~2015年共有15个大小不同的岛屿与大陆相连；（5）海岸线向陆退缩的原因是一些养殖池或工业用地被拆除，主要发生在2000~2015年。

Analysis on changes in coastline and reclamation in Dalian from 1975 to 2015

Combining RS and GIS technology,this paper explored the changes in continental coastline,reclamation area and types in Dalian from 1975 to 2015 using multi-source remote sensing data.The multi-source remote sensing data included Landsat MSS in 1975,TM in 1990,ETM in 2000 and OLI in 2015.Besides,Google Earth was used as an auxiliary.Results showed that,there were two types of coastline migration in Dalian,one was expanding seaward and the other was shrinking landward,and the former was the main type.Reclamation area was 187.56 km2 from 1975 to 1990,90.50 km2 from 1990 to 2000,and 425.42 km2 from 2000 to 2015.And the annual growth was 12.50 km2/a,9.05 km2/a and 28.36 km2/a,respectively.And reclamation area was the largest from 2000 to 2015,and was the least from 1990 to 2000.From 1975 to 2015,the proportion of industrial land increased gradually,but the proportion of aquatic ponds decreased gradually,the proportion of transportation land firstly decreased and then increased,paddy field and bare soil just appeared in 1975~1990.From 1975 to 2015,there were 15 different islands connected with continent via transportation land or aquatic ponds.The reason for coastline shrinking landward is that some aquatic ponds and industrial lands were removed,which mainly happened in 2000-2015.