美国博士生培养模式的思考与借鉴——以机械学科为例

以美国佐治亚理工学院机械工程专业博士生教育为背景,对博士生的培养目标与方式、培养内容与基本要求、资格考试与开题、科研工作与论文答辩等诸多培养环节的分析和研究,为提高我国博士生教育质量提供了借鉴:应取消对学习年限的规定或延长学习年限;建立博士生和导师之间的双向选择与淘汰机制等.

Reflections on the American Mode of Doctorial Student Training and Its Enlightenments: Taking the Case of Mechanical Discipline

Taking the case of the doctorial education in the mechanical discipline of Georgia Institute of Technology,the present paper analyses the objective,the method,and the content of its doctorial student training and its basic requirements,qualification examinations,approval of dissertation writing,scientific research,and dissertation defense.The enlightenments from the American mode of doctorial student training on its Chinese counterpart are that the time limit for graduation should be cut out or the time for doctorial study should be prolonged,and that a mechanism for two-way selection and disqualification should be established.