《马关条约》与钓鱼岛列岛

日本政府对《马关条约》第二款第二条“割让台湾全岛及所有附属各岛屿”这一模糊性规定是别有用心的,其目的是借以掩盖其按既定之认识和策略去占领钓鱼岛列岛,避免清政府发觉和干扰,保证马关谈判从速进行.但日本为实现其野心,对此条款又是以清政府的理解为据,并以其他措施来保证,这是日本缔约时的合意情形.而后来对该条款的解释,无论是根据1969年《维也纳条约法公约》,抑或是现代世界的解释规则,都可解释出该条款包含我国钓鱼岛列岛在内.抗战期间,国民政府废除《马关条约》以及盟国达成之《开罗宣言》和《波茨坦公告》,为我国政府收复钓鱼岛列岛准备了充分的法律依据,对日本具有拘束力.而对于《旧金山和约》,日本政府同样也负有遵守、执行之义务,钓鱼岛列岛是其必须放弃之岛屿,也应无条件交还给中国.

The Treaty of Shimonosekt and Diaoyu Island and Its Affiliated Islands

The Japanese government had ulterior motives behind the ambiguous provision of the second paragraph of article two "the cession of Taiwan island and all affiliated islands" in The Treaty of Shimonoseki, with the purpose of covering Japan’s established knowledge and strategy to occupy Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands, which was the consensus by both parties when signing the treaty. During the anti-Japanese war, national government’s abrogation of The Treaty of Shimonoseki and especially The Cairo Declaration and The Potsdam Proclamation signed by the allied countries provided the legal basis for Chinese government to recover Diaoyu island, and Japan should be bound as such. Moreover, the Japanese government is also obligated to abide by and execute San Francisco Peace Treaty: Diaoyu island and its affiliated islands are the ones that Japan must give up, and must be restored to China unconditionally.