益母草种质资源遗传多样性的 AFLP 分析

目的 通过对 9 份益母草种质资源的 AFLP 分析，探求各种质间的遗传多样性。方法 采用扩增片段长度多态性 (AFLP) 标记，在 DNA 水平上进行遗传多样性研究，筛选了32对选择性扩增引物，将扩增出的条带作为原始矩阵，用 NTSYS-PC 软件计算并分析了益母草种质间的相似度，构建了遗传系统进化树。结果 SDS 法提取的益母草基因组 DNA 质量较佳，能够满足 AFLP 分析的要求；从 32 对选择性扩增引物中，筛选出 10 对多态性较强、带型较好、分辨率较高的组合；构建了益母草 AFLP 指纹图谱，将 9 个益母草种质全部区分开来；通过构建进化树，把 9 个种质分成2类。结论 益母草种质资源有丰富的遗传多样性，某些形态特征差异和基因型存在相关性。

AFLP Analysis of genetic diversity of Leonurus japonicus germplasm resources

Objective The AFLP analysis of nine accessions of Leonurus japonicus was conducted to explore genetic diversities among germplasm. Methods Genetic diversities at DNA level among the germplasm of L. japonicus were studied by the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker, and 32 pairs of selective amplification primer were identified. The similarities among the germplasm of L. japonicus were calculated and analyzed by the software of NTSYS-PC, and genetic evolution tree was developed, using amplified fragments as primary matrix. Results The quality of genomic DNA of L. japonicus extracted by SDS method was good enough to meet the requirement of AFLP analysis. Ten combinations with multiple morphologies, clear bands, and high discrimination rate were identified from 32 pairs of selective amplification primers. The AFLP fingerprinting was developed, which could differentiate each of nine accessions of L. japonicus. Nine accessions of L. japonicus could be classified into two types based on the evolution tree. Conclusion There are richer genetic diversities among the germplasm resources of L. japonicus, and certain relationships are found between some of morphological characteristics and genotypes.