煤矿重大瓦斯事故隐患治理工程探讨

结合我国煤矿安全生产实际,在分析典型事故案例的基础上,分别从煤炭企业自身的安全管理、地方政府和煤矿安全监察部门的监管等方面研究了当前煤矿安全生产突出的问题。指出瓦斯异常涌出是目前最难根治的事故隐患;基建或技改矿井和转制矿井最容易发生瓦斯事故;即将关闭的矿井和衰老的矿井普遍存在瓦斯事故隐患;长期所谓的“明星矿井”工作不踏实,瓦斯事故隐患严重;屡次发生重大事故但不吸取教训的矿井,往往长期存在瓦斯事故隐患。笔者认为,我国煤矿重大事故隐患治理工程重点工作主要是深入开展瓦斯异常涌出规律和相关治理措施的研究;取缔非法开采和违法生产活动;认真抓好煤矿隐患排查整改工作;强化生产技术管理,防止超能力、超强度、超定员生产。

Discussion on Approaches to Control Significant Hidden Perils of Gas Accident in Coal Mines

Combined with the reality of safety production in Chinese coal mines and based on the analysis of representative accident cases, current outstanding problems in coal production are respectively presented from the aspects of coal enterprise's safety management, the administration of local government and coal mine safety supervision department. It is pointed out that, at present, the unusual gas emission is the hardest hidden peril of accident to be cured; the gas accidents occur easily in such coal mines that are in the phase of capital construction, technological transformation or undergoing structural reform; hidden perils of gas exist on a wide scale in old mines or the mines being closed down soon; they also gravely exist in the so-called “star mines” because of their undependable work; and there are long-term hidden perils of gas accident in the mines in which grave accident frequently occurred, yet no lesson was drawn. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the priority in controlling significant hidden perils of gas accident in coal mines contains: deepening the study on the law of unusual gas emission and the related measures of control; banning illegal exploitation and unlawful production; seriously checking over and removing hidden perils in coal mine with great efforts; strengthening production technology management; preventing production with overcapacity, super-strength and over-staff.