辣木叶提取物对便秘小鼠润肠通便的作用及机制研究

目的探究辣木叶Moringaoleifera醇提物和水提物对便秘小鼠的通便作用及机制。方法昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、酚酞(0.05 g/kg)组以及辣木叶醇提物低、中、高剂量(0.5、1.0、2.0 g/kg)组和辣木叶水提物低、中、高剂量(0.5、1.0、2.0g/kg)组,每组10只。通过失水燥结法建立小鼠便秘模型,给予药物进行干预,考察辣木叶醇提物和水提物对便秘小鼠首次排便时间、粪便含水率、6 h内排便数量、胃排空率、小肠内容物推进率的影响;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色考察辣木叶醇提物和水提物对便秘小鼠小肠组织病理变化的影响;采用ELISA试剂盒考察辣木叶醇提物和水提物对便秘小鼠血清中胃泌素、胃动素、内皮素和一氧化氮水平的影响;采用免疫组化法考察辣木叶醇提物和水提物对便秘小鼠小肠组织中胃泌素、胃动素、内皮素和一氧化氮蛋白表达的影响。结果辣木叶醇提物和水提物均能明显缩短小鼠首次排便时间(P0.01),提高粪便含水率(P0.05),增加6 h内排便数量(P0.05),提高小鼠胃排空率和小肠内容物推进率(P0.05、0.01),上调小鼠血清和小肠组织胃泌素、胃动素、内皮素分泌及表达(P0.05、0.01),下调血清和小肠组织一氧化氮分泌及表达(P0.05、0.01),减轻小肠绒毛损伤。结论辣木叶醇提物和水提物能够改善小鼠便秘,达到润肠通便的效果,其作用机制可能与调节小鼠胃肠激素水平、促进肠蠕动有关。

Effect and mechanism of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on moistening intestines and purgation in constipated mice

Objective To investigate the cathartic effect and mechanism of water and ethanol extract from Lamu (Moringa oleifera) leaves on mice model with constipation. Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, phenolphthalein (0.05 g/kg) group, low-, medium-, high-dose of ethanol extract from M. oleifera leaves (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg) group, and low-, medium-, high-dose of water extract from M. oleifera leaves (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg) group, with 10 mice in each group. A mouse constipation model was established by dehydration and dryness method, and drugs were given to intervene, the effects of alcohol extract and water extract of M. oleifera leaves on time of first defecation, fecal water content, number of defecation within 6 h, gastric emptying rate, and advancement rate of contents of small intestine in constipated mice were investigated. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to investigate the effects of alcohol and water extracts of M. oleifera leaves on pathological changes of small intestine tissue of constipated mice; ELISA kits were used to investigate the effects of extracts and water extracts of M. oleifera leaves on levels of gastrin, motilin, endothelin and nitric oxide in serum of constipated mice; Immunohistochemical methods were used to investigate the effects of alcohol extracts and water extracts of M. oleifera leaves on expressions of gastrin, motilin, endothelin and nitric oxide in small intestine of constipated mice. Results Alcohol extract and water extract of M. oleifera leaves significantly shorten the time of first defecation in mice (P < 0.01), increased the water content of feces (P < 0.05), increased the number of defecation in 6 h (P < 0.05), increased gastric emptying rate and small intestine content advance rate (P < 0.05, 0.01), up-regulated the secretions and expressions of gastrin, motilin, endothelin in serum and small intestine tissue (P < 0.05, 0.01), down-regulated the secretion and expression of nitric oxide in serum and small intestine tissue (P < 0.05, 0.01), reduced the injury of small intestine villi. Conclusion Alcohol extract and water extract of M. oleifera leaves can improve constipation in mice and achieve the effect of moistening intestines and purgation. Its mechanism may be related to regulating the level of gastrointestinal hormones and promoting intestinal motility in mice.