中国2010-2015年呼吸系统疾病死亡的预期寿命差异分析

  目的   分析我国2010年-2015年呼吸系统疾病死亡率变化对预期寿命影响的年龄、地区差异。   方法   本文数据来源于国家统计局2010年-2015年人口普查结果, 以及国家卫生健康委统计信息中心和中国疾病预防控制中心公布的《中国死因监测数据集》, 应用简略寿命表、Arriaga分解法计算不同年龄组和不同地区的呼吸系统疾病死亡率变化对预期寿命增量的贡献值和百分比。   结果   2010年-2015年, 我国呼吸系统疾病死亡率有所下降。2010和2015年因呼吸系统疾病减少的寿命分别为2.0岁和1.6岁, 呼吸系统疾病死亡率降低对预期寿命增量的贡献分别为, 东部地区15.4%, 中部12.5%, 西部55.6%。从年龄维度分析, 0~5岁、70岁以上年龄组死亡率的下降对提升预期寿命贡献最大。   结论   2010年-2015年全国因呼吸系统疾病减少的寿命降幅为20.0%, 具有明显的区域差异; 从疾病别维度分析, 慢性下呼吸道疾病对预期寿命的影响最大, 但对预期寿命的增加贡献较小; 肺炎对预期寿命的增加有贡献, 其中0~10岁人群肺炎的改善促进预期寿命增长。

Decomposition of life expectancy among respiratory disease of death in China from 2010 to 2015

Objective To analyze the regional and age-specific differences in the effects of mortality from respiratory diseases on life expectancy in China form 2010 to 2015.Methods We used national bureau of statistics 2010 to 2015 population census,the"Chinese cause of death monitoring data set"published by China center for disease control and prevention and center for health statistics and information,national health and family planning commission.Abridged life table and arriaga method were used to explain life expectancy increment in different age groups and different regions.Results The mortality rate of respiratory diseases in China decreased from 2010 to 2015.The life expectancy after elimination of respiratory disease increased by 2.0 years and 1.6 years in 2010 and 2015,respectively.The contribution of the decreased mortality from respiratory diseases accounted for 15.4 percent of life expectancy in the eastern region,12.5 percent in the central region and 55.6 percent in the western region.In terms of age,declines in mortality in the 0-5 and over 70 age groups contributed the most to life expectancy.Conclusions The decline in life expectancy due to respiratory diseases was 20.0%across the country from 2010 to 2015,showing significant regional differences.Chronic lower respiratory diseases had the greatest impact on life expectancy,but contributed less to the increment of life expectancy.Pneumonia contributed significantly to the increase in life expectancy,and the improvement of pneumonia in people aged 0-10 years promoted the increase of life expectancy.