加氢催化裂化柴油关键组分催化裂化的反应特性研究

以四氢萘、茚满、十氢萘和3-乙基甲苯4种加氢催化裂化柴油（LCO）关键组分作为模型化合物，采用小型固定流化床（ACE）装置和Y分子筛催化剂进行了系统的催化裂化反应性能研究。结果表明：在两种转化深度下，模型化合物均表现出其特有的反应特性，四氢萘以发生氢转移反应为主，茚满更倾向于烷基化/烷基转移和脱氢-缩合生成C₉+重芳烃，十氢萘虽具有较高的开环-裂化反应选择性，但芳烃产物选择性较低，3-乙基甲苯轻质化效率主要受到异构化反应的影响；高转化深度更有利于模型化合物转化生成轻质芳烃苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯（合称BTEX），四氢萘、茚满、十氢萘和3-乙基甲苯催化裂化反应的BTEX选择性分别为22.65%，19.66%，15.70%，34.36%；四氢萘和茚满容易发生连续的α位C—C键断裂生成苯，十氢萘由于存在两个叔碳正离子更倾向于生成二甲苯，3-乙基甲苯具有较高的甲苯和乙苯选择性。

CATALYTIC CRACKING REACTION CHARACTERISTICS OF KEY COMPOUNDS OF HYDROGENATED LCO

Four key components of hydrogenated LCO,including tetralin,indan,decalin and 3-ethyltoluene,were used as model compounds.A small fixed fluidized bed (ACE) unit and Y zeolite catalyst was used to study the catalytic cracking performance.The results showed that the model compounds showed their unique reaction characteristics at the two conversion depths, tetralin mainly underwent hydrogen transfer reaction, and the alkylation/alkylation transfer and dehydrogen-condensation of indan were more likely to generate heavy aromatic hydrocarbons above C₉. Although decalin has high ring-opening and cracking selectivity，the selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbon products is low. The light efficiency of 3-ethyltoluene is mainly affected by isomerization reaction.The BTEX mass selectivity of tetralin,indan,decalin and 3-ethyltoluene were 22.65%,19.66%,15.70% and 34.36%,respectively.Tetralin and indan are prone to the continuous α-C-C bond fracture to form benzene;decalin is more inclined to form xylene due to the existence of two tert-carbenium ions;3-ethyltoluene has a higher molar selectivity of toluene and ethylbenzene.