海底管道油气混输关键装备的实验研究

多相增压泵、混相计量仪和油气水分离器是实施海底管道长线混输中的关键设备。中国科学院力学研究所用于研究这些关键设备的模拟实验装置,包括了集重力、膨胀和离心原理于一体的高效油气水分离器和引射增压泵、叶轮增压泵等设备。首先采用控制气液两相压比和流量比的方法实现了水平、垂直管内各种流态的仿真模拟,并用狭缝光和快速摄影技术得到了清晰的流态照片,用硅阻差压式压力传感器测量了一定距离内管流压降和同一截面不同位置的压差分布;然后介绍对上述设备进行各种流态下分离器的分离效果以及引射增压、叶轮增压泵的性能、效率试验的方法和初步结果。

Experimental Study on Key Equipment for Subsea Oil - Gas Mixed Transportation System

This paper describes a multiphase flow test - loop which is set up in the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and used to study the performance of the key equipment in sub - sea oil - gas mixed transportation system, such as multiphase pumps, multiphase meters and oil - gas - water separators. A high efficiency oil - gas - water separator designed on gravitational, expansive and centrifugal separation principles, a jet pump and a vane pump are equipped in the test - loop. By regulating the pressure ratio and flow rate of each phase with a jet pump, various flow patterns in horizontal and vertical pipes are created and flow pattern pictures are taken clearly by using narrow light source and fast photography technique. The pressure drop of a two - phase flow is measured under various flow patterns by applying silicon - resistance - difference - pressure type pressure transducers and signal processing circuits designed by ourselves. The measurement results of difference pressure at the inlet and outlet of two kinds of typical booster pumps: centrifugal pump and jet pump under different flow patterns by using strain - diaphragm - pressure - transducers are also presented in this paper. The separating efficiency of the separator is also tested and good results are given.