长江三角洲地区特色小镇地域类型及其适应性营造路径

特色小镇作为一种新型小城镇发展模式,具有重要的人口-产业-文化多维一体集聚与示范意义。选取长三角地区69个特色小镇为研究对象,运用ArcGIS10.5空间分析及SPSS20.0聚类分析等方法研究其空间特征及地域类型。研究发现：① 长三角地区特色小镇分布趋于集聚型,具多个密集区,集中在以上海为核心的江浙沪皖交界处,各市域特色小镇分布不均衡,空间形态呈一心多组团集聚格局,沿交通干线呈带状分布,并且多位于县际边缘区;② 特色小镇类型多样,地方特色资源与文化影响显著,长三角地区两批特色小镇中工业发展型特色居首,旅游发展型相对下降;地域类型呈现5类,其中平原地区工业发展型或农业服务型、河网或低山历史文化-旅游型地域本底条件优势显著。建议未来发展应考虑特色小镇区际异质性与邻近趋同性,注重毗邻县界多镇组团利用各自产业优势联动发展,提升整体竞争力。

Regional Types of the Characteristic Towns and Its Adaptive Path in the Yangtze River Delta Region

The Characteristic Town, as a new type of development model for small towns, is with important significance of multidimensional agglomeration and demonstration in the field of population, industry and culture. 69 characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region are selected as research objects in this study, the methods of ArcGIS spatial analysis and SPSS cluster analysis are applied to demonstrate the spatial characteristics and regional types of Characteristic Town. The research result can be concluded that: 1) The distribution of the characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region tends to be concentrated in multiple dense areas, particularly, concentrated in the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui with Shanghai as the core. The distribution of the characteristic towns in different cities is uneven, and its spatial form is a core with multi-group clusters, it is distributed along the main traffic line and is mostly located in the inter-provincial marginalized area. 2) There are various types of characteristic towns, which significantly influenced by the local characteristic resources and culture. The industrial development-oriented towns are growing, and the tourism-developing characteristic towns are relatively declining in the Yangtze River Delta Region. The geographical types of characteristic towns can be divided into five categories, including the industrial development-type characteristic towns in the plain area or the agricultural service-type characteristic towns, the river network-type characteristic towns or the low-town historical and cultural characteristic towns-tourism-type characteristic towns. It is suggested that the future development should consider the inter-regional heterogeneity and proximity convergence of the characteristic towns, and pay attention to the adjacent township multi-town group to use their respective industrial advantages to jointly develop and enhance the overall competitiveness.