海洋条件下目标-背景对比度计算分析

推导了海洋条件下目标-背景对比度的计算公式,根据辐射传输方程,采用Eddington近似方法求解,建立了海洋条件下目标-背景对比度的表达公式。计算并分析了太阳高度、观测者角度、海水体衰减系数及目标所处深度对目标-背景对比度的影响。文中得出如下结论:垂直方向侦查时,太阳高度角在40°左右条件下的目标-背景对比度最大,最容易侦查到水下目标;目标-背景对比度随目标所在深度增大而减小,随海洋体衰减系数的增加而降低;太阳高度角为90°、观测者天顶角余弦在0.8~0.9范围时的目标-背景对比度存在较大尖峰值。研究结果为光学探测水下目标及水下航行器反光学探测提供理论支撑。

Calculation and Analysis of the Target-to-Background Contrast under Marine Environmental Conditions

This paper deduces the calculation formula of target-to-background contrast under marine environmental conditions. Based on the radiative transfer equation and using the Eddington approximation method, the expression formula of target-to-background contrast is established under marine conditions. It also computes and analyzes the influence of solar altitude angle, the observer, attenuation coefficient and depth on the target-to-background contrast. It is derived that under the conditions of vertical direction of detection and solar altitude angle of about 400, the target-to- background contrast reaches its maximum, when it is easiest to detect underwater targets. The target-to-background contrast decreases with increasing depth of the target and rising ocean volume attenuation coefficient. When the solar elevation angle reaches 90 degrees and the observer zenith angle cosine is in the range of 0.8 to 0.9, the target-to-background contrast shows a peak value. The research in this paper provides the theoretical support for optical detection of underwater vehicles and anti-detecting techniques.