柞蚕蛹虫草继代培育其活性物质变化规律

柞蚕蛹虫草中含有虫草素、腺苷、多糖等多种活性成分,具有提高免疫力、抗疲劳、保护心脑血管、抗癌等方面的作用,是冬虫夏草的良好替代品。以柞蚕蛹虫草的继代培育为基础,分别检测蛹虫草菌在不同传代次数时柞蚕蛹虫草子实体生长状态、蛹虫草中腺苷、虫草素、虫草多糖含量及蛹虫草菌菌丝、分生孢子中活性氧的分布。第1代蛹虫草菌接种后柞蚕蛹出现腐烂现象;第2、3代培育的子实体生长量、腺苷及虫草素含量均较高;第4代子实体生长量、腺苷及虫草素含量均出现大幅下降的现象。柞蚕蛹虫草中虫草多糖含量在传代过程中也逐渐降低,但降低幅度较腺苷和虫草素缓慢。第2代培育的柞蚕蛹虫草子实体生长状态优于第3代,故第2代蛹虫草菌更适合应用于批量生产。蛹虫草菌退化后含有活性氧的分生孢子比例增大,这可能是发生退化的表象之一。

Variation of active substance of stroma in subculture of Cordyceps militaris on Antheraea pernyi

Cordyceps militaris stroma on Antheraea pernyi contains a variety of active ingredients such as cordycepin, adenosine and polysaccharide having the effect of improving immunity, anti-fatigue, protecting cardio-cerebrovascular and anti-cancer. It is a good substitute for Cordyceps sinensis. Based on subculture of C. militaris on Antheraea pernyi, the growth state of fruiting body, the content of adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharide in the stroma, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mycelia and conidia were detected. The pupa of tussah decayed after infection of the first generation of C. militaris. The biomass of the fruiting body, and the content of adenosine, cordycepin, and polysaccharide in the stroma of the second and third generation of C. militaris obviously increased; 4th generation of C. militaris showed substantial decrease of fruiting body and the content of adenosine, cordycepin, and polysaccharide in the stroma. Cordyceps polysaccharide gradually decreased during successive subculture, but the decreasing range was slower than that of adenosine and cordycepin. The growth state of fruiting body of the second generation of C. militaris was better than that of the third generation. Therefore, the second generation is more suitable for batch production of C. militaris stroma. The increase of proportion of conidia containing reactive oxygen probably indicates deterioration of the fungus.