轮轨配合对重载货车轮轨磨耗的影响*

在中国既有线路的参数设置下，建立标准LM车轮与R60轨和R75轨配合时的轮轨接触和磨耗模型，对比研究不同轮轨配合时的磨耗性能。计算表明R75轨轮轨接触点集中分布在轨侧、轨头和轨顶三个区域，接触线不连续。在当轮对横移小于3 mm时，两种钢轨滚动圆半径差和接触角差基本一致，轮对横移大于3 mm时，R75轨的滚动圆半径差和接触角差稍小。R75轨与LM车轮配合时，在车轮踏面和轮缘、钢轨轨顶和轨角两段圆弧的过渡段的接触斑面积和应力变化剧烈。车辆在直线上运行时，R75轨的轮轨磨耗将增大数倍，动态通过800 m半径曲线时，外轨磨耗增大约45%。轮轨配合的理论分析表明R75轨不适应我国重载运输，采用提高强度的R60轨更符合我国重载铁路的实际情况。

Effect of Profile Match on the Heavy Haul Freight Car Wheel/rail Wear

A wheel/rail contact and wear model are established with the China existing railway track parameters.The wear performance of wheel LM matching rail R60 and R75 is compared with each other.According to the numerical results,the rail R75 contact patches is distributed in rail gauge,corner,and top areas centrally,and the contact lines are not continuous.When the wheelset lateral displacement less than 3 ram,the rolling radius and contact angle difference of the two pair wheel rail match are almost the same.Meanwhile,the rail R75 will be smaller after the wheelset displace beyond 3 mm.In the wheel flange—tread and rail top-comer transition section of LM/R75 pair,the contact patch area and hertz contact stress rapid changing rapidly.The wheel/rail wear of LM/R75 pair is a few times to the LM/R60 pair when thevehicle running on the straight line,and the wheel/rail wear of high side increase nearly 45％ when the truck negotiation the 800 m radius curve.According to the theory results of wheel/rail match analysis,the rail R75 cannot accommodate to the railway heavy haul transportation requirement,and the high strength rail R60 is a better choice.