二氯异氰尿酸钠对乙型肝炎消毒试验中所用指示物的比较

以二氯异氰尿酸钠为消毒剂,以HBsAg为内对照,比较乙型肝炎消毒试验中各指示物耐受力的强弱。结果发现,常用的乙型肝炎消毒试验指示物对二氯异氰尿酸钠的耐受力由强到弱的顺序为:HBV颗粒(MADT)、DHBV DNA、HBsAg、枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞、HBeAg、HBV pre-S2Ag、HBV DNA。核酸是病毒增殖的物质基础,因而HBV DNA是一项可靠的乙型肝炎消毒效果指示物。试验结果表明,HBeAg为一既可靠又简便的消毒指示物;HBsAg作用指示物所得结果较为保守,应用时宜谨慎;HBV pre-S2Ag亦可用为HBV灭活指示物;HBV MADT、DHBV DNA和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞等不宜用为乙型肝炎消毒效果指示物。

COMPARISON OF THE INDICATORS USED IN THE TEST FOR INACTIVATION OF HBV BY SODIUM DICHL OROISOCYANURATE

Seven indicators were used in the tests for inactivation of HBV by sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC). Among them , HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV pre-S2Ag were detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA); HBV DNA and DHBV DNA by molecular hybridization test. The morphological change of HBV (MADT) was observed under electronmicroscope and sporicidal effect on Bacillus subtilis var. niger (ATCC 9372) was determined by agar plate culture method. In comprehensive study , it was found that the resistance of 7 indicators to NaDCC in decreasing order was as follows: HBV (MADT), DHBV DNA, HBsAg, spore of B. subtilis var. niger, HBeAg, HBV pre-S2Ag and HBV DNA. The results of the experiments also showed that if HBV DNA can be used as a reliable indicator to evaluate the effect of HBV inactivation, HBeAg is also a good indicator not only for its reliability but also for its practicality. HBsAg can only be used to evaluate the efficacy of field disinfection due to high resistance to NaDCC. HBV pre-S2Ag is also a feasible disinfection indicator, but the method needs to be further standardized. Because of too high resistance to NaDCC, HBV (MADT), DHBV DNA and the spore of B. subtilis var. niger can not be used as ideal indicators.