考虑建筑物遮蔽的电力应急通信基站选址双层优化方法

电力应急通信基站仅依靠人的主观经验部署存在不足。因此，考虑建筑物对基站信号的遮蔽影响，基于单兵前往灾区勘测的回传信息，对研究问题进行图形化描述。在此基础上，提出了电力应急通信基站选址的双层优化模型。上层以基站间信号传输损耗最小为目标，在划定的基站可选位置范围内，针对非线性模型，利用粒子群算法优化基站的预选位置。下层以基站间信号传输路径与建筑物的间隔距离最大为目标，利用支持向量机优化基站的最终位置，并传递回上层以计算信号传输损耗，通过迭代优化获得基站的最优部署位置。通过在算例中与单层模型比较，验证了所提方法的可行性与有效性，可为发生重大自然灾害后电力应急通信网的搭建提供技术参考。

Two-layer optimization method for site selection of a power emergency communication base station considering building shadowing effect

There are shortcomings in the deployment of power emergency communication base stations that only rely on human subjective experience. Therefore, considering the influence of buildings on the shielding of base station signals, the research problems are graphically described based on the return information of individual soldiers to the disaster area. In addition, a two-layer optimization model for the location of power emergency communication base stations is proposed. The upper layer model aims to minimize the signal transmission loss between base stations. Within the delineated optional location range of base stations, the particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the pre-selection of base stations for the nonlinear model. The lower layer model aims to maximize the distance between the signal transmission path and the building. A support vector machine is used to optimize the final position of the base station, and this is transmitted back to the upper layer to calculate the signal transmission loss. The optimal deployment position of the base station is obtained through iterative optimization. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by comparing with the single-layer model in an example. The work can provide a technical reference for the construction of a power emergency communication network after major natural disasters. This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2020YFC0827001).