考虑多因素的装载机转向系统压力波动优化分析

针对装载机在转向过程中因油缸铰点布置位置产生的压力冲击和压力波动问题， 以最小行程差、最小力臂差及最小转向系统功率为目标函数，通过遗传算法进行优化，结合 AMESim 仿真及实验验证了优化结果的可行性 . 优化后行程差平均值减少了 89.23%，力臂差 平均值减少了 88.40%，发动机怠速和全速时转向所消耗的平均功率分别减少了 32.56% 和 24.03%. 通过深入研究行程差和力臂差曲线，确立了力臂差是引起压力波动的主导因素，结合 遗传算法对油缸铰点坐标进行二次优化 . 优化结果表明，行程差和力臂差的最大值较第一次 优化分别减少了14.29%和19.44%，实车油缸铰点改造后进行满载全转速快转实验，其压力曲 线未见明显压力异常.

Optimization Analysis on Pressure Fluctuation of Loader Steering System Considering Multiple Factors

As the loader in the process of steering produces pressure shock and pressure fluctuation due to the position of the cylinder hinge point arrangement, in this paper, the minimum stroke difference, the minimum arm dif? ference, and the minimum steering power are set as objective functions, and Genetic algorithms are used to optimize it. The AMESim simulation and experiment are combined to verify the feasibility of the optimization results. After the optimization, the average stroke difference is reduced by 89.23%. The average moment arm difference is reduced by 88.40%. The average power consumed by the engine at idle and full speed is reduced by 32.56% and 24.03%, respec? tively. Through an in-depth study of stroke difference and moment arm difference curves, moment arm difference is identified as the dominant factor causing pressure fluctuation. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the cylinder hinge coordinates quadratic. The optimization results show that the maximum stroke difference and moment arm dif? ference are reduced by 14.29% and 19.44%, respectively, compared with the first optimization. A full load and full speed fast rotation experiment are carried out after the cylinder is modified by the hinge point. There is no obvious pressure anomaly in its pressure curve.