20世纪后半叶美国高等医学教育改革历程

美国现代高等医学教育模式的确立是以20世纪初Flexner报告发表为开端的。第二次世界大战前，现代高等医学教育体系已基本完善，并经历了二战的考验。二战后，随着社会和医学发展，美国高等医学教育一直在进行着改革。按照时间顺序在50年代、60年代以及70、80年代进行了改革。分析历次改革的背景、主要内容及改革的特点特别对指导20世纪80年代后医学教育改革的纲领性文件——GPEP报告进行详细阐述，包括GPEP报告的内容、作用以及与Flexner报告的对比分析。通过回顾与分析，对美国医学教育改革历程中的成功经验和不足之处进行梳理，为我国正在进行的高等医学教育改革提供借鉴与参考。

The reform course of American higher medical education in the latter half of the 20th century

The modern American higher medical education pattern was set up since the publication of Flexner Report in the early 1900s. Therefore, the modern system of higher medical education had been basically perfected before the World War II and survived the war. However, series of reformation on higher medical education has been carrying on alongside the development of the society and medicine after the war. The paper makes a systematic and sequential review of the reform of American higher medical education in 1950s, 1960s, and that started from 1970s to 1980s respectively. The backgrounds and the content of the reforms are stated, and the traits of them are analyzed. Among them, the GPEP Report, a guideline document of the reform after 1980s, is especially described in detail including its content, role and the contrast analysis with Flexner Report. The paper aims at neatening the experiences from the failure and success in the reformation of American medical higher education by review and analysis, and uses their experiences as reference for the ongoing reformation of Chinese medical education.