超声及电磁场对铝合金熔体影响的数值模拟及试验研究

针对铝合金熔体的超声及电磁搅拌处理过程,创建了超声场、电磁场、流场和温度场的数学模型,并采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件求解模型,得到了超声场、电磁场和超声/电磁复合场对铝合金熔体内流场和温度场的分布规律,并通过试验对模拟结果进行了验证。结果表明,增加超声功率使得声压幅值和流场的流动速率均随之增加,同时会使熔体的温度梯度逐渐减小;施加电磁场后产生的电磁搅拌改变了熔体的流动方向且使熔体的流动速率显著增大,这对熔体的温度分布产生了较大影响;在超声和电磁复合场下,电磁场比超声场对熔体流场和温度场的影响更大,且占主导地位。数值模拟结果和试验结果符合较好。

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification on Effect of Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Field on Aluminum Alloy Melt

The ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring process of aluminum alloy melt was analyzed.The mathematical models of integrated with ultrasonic field,electromagnetic field,flow field and temperature field were established.The numerical simulation was carried out by using COMSOL Multiphysics software.The distribution of ultrasonic field,electromagnetic field and ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field in the flow field and temperature field of aluminum alloy melt was visualized.Finally,the simulated results were verified by experiments.The simulated results show that with the increase of ultrasonic power,the amplitude of sound pressure and the flow velocity of the flow field are increased.At the same time,the temperature gradient of the melt will be reduced.The electromagnetic stirring generated after the application of the electromagnetic field can change the flow direction of the melt and increase significantly the flow rate of the melt,which has a great influence on the temperature distribution of the melt.In the ultrasonic/electromagnetic compound field,the electromagnetic field has a dominant influence on the melt flow field and temperature field compared to the ultrasonic field.The simulated results are consistent with the experimental ones.