心梗后心力衰竭模型大鼠中医证候特点及心脏的超声评价

目的研究心梗后心力衰竭模型大鼠的中医证候特点及心脏的结构和功能变化。方法大鼠随机分为模型组和假手术组，采用结扎左冠状动脉主干造成心梗后心衰模型，术后8周从动物一般状态、呼吸频率、心率、力竭性游泳时间、心电图等方面进行中医证候评价，并用超声心动图观察大鼠心脏的结构和功能变化。结果与假手术组比较，模型组术后8周呼吸频率和心率加快，力竭性游泳时间缩短，超声心动图参数室间隔舒张末期厚度、左室后壁舒张末期厚度、左室后壁收缩末期厚度、左室射血分数、左室短轴缩短率均下降（P〈0．01），左室舒张末期内径、左室收缩末期内径明显增大（P〈0．01）。12导联心电图ST段抬高、异常Q波发生的导联个数增多。同时全心重／体重高于假手术组（P〈0．05）。结论心梗后心衰模型大鼠术后8周的中医证候为气虚血瘀，其病理学表现为左室重构和功能损伤。

Characteristics of TCM Syndrome and Appraisal with Echocardiography in Heart Failure Rats after Myocardial Infarction

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of the TCM syndrome and the changes of ventricular structure and function in heart failure (HF) rats after- myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Rats were randomly divided in to the model group and the sham-operative group. The HF rat with MI model was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. Eight weeks after operation, appraisal on TCM syndrome revealed in the model was made from the aspects of general status, breathing frequency, heart rate, exhausting swimming time and electrocardiogram, and left ventricular structure and function were observed with echocardiography. RESULTS: Eight weeks after operation, as compared with those in the sham group, in the model group, the heart rate and breathing frequency were accelerated, the exhausting swimming time shortened, the echocardiogram parameters such as interventricular septum end-diastole thickness (IVSTd), posterior wall end-diastole thickness (PWTd), posterior wall end-systolic thickness (PWTs), ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) of the left ventricular reduced (P < 0.01), while left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and end-systolic dimension (LVDs) obviously increased (P < 0.01). In 12 leads electrocardiogram, the leads of ST segment elevated and abnormal Q wave increased. Additionally, the ratio of whole heart weight/body weight increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The HF rats after MI manifests Xin-qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and shows the pathological changes of left ventricular remodeling and function impairment.