2013年山东省食源性疾病暴发事件 流行病学特征分析

目的分析2013年山东省食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,为制定食源性疾病预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2013年通过国家食源性疾病暴发报告系统上报的30起食源性疾病暴发事件进行整理分析。结果 2013年共发生食源性疾病暴发事件30起,发病人数654人,死亡2人。食源性疾病暴发事件的主要发病季节是第三季度,全年食源性疾病暴发主要发生在4~10月份,其中以8月份最高;16~60岁人群是暴发事件发生的主要人群;饮食服务单位是发生食源性疾病暴发事件的主要场所,其次是集体食堂;加工不当与交叉污染是引起食源性疾病暴发事件的主要原因:微生物是引起食源性疾病暴发事件发生的主要致病因素,不同致病因素之间导致的罹患率不同(P0.05);引起食源性疾病暴发事件的主要原因食品是混合食品。结论加强对高发季节、高发因素、高发污染环节的监控;加强食源性疾病暴发事件的调查处置;加大防控食源性疾病暴发事件的宣传力度等,是预防和控制食源性疾病暴发事件的有效措施。

The analysis on epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Shandong Province in 2013

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Shandong Province in 2013, and to provide basis for effective control and prevention of foodborne diseases. Methods Totally 30 foodborne disease outbreaks were analyzed which were reported through the National Foodborne Disease Outbreaks System in 2013. Results A total of 30 outbreaks of foodborne diseases, which caused 654 ill and 2 death cases, were reported in Shandong. The major season for the incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks was the third-quarter of a year, the foodborne disease outbreaks occurred mainly from April to October, August was the peak period; 16~60 year-old population was the main population of outbreaks; Food service units were the main places for the occurrence of foodborne disease outbreaks, followed by Canteens. Improper processing and cross-contamination were the main reasons for the occurrence of foodborne disease outbreaks, while the main pathogenic factors were microorganisms, different pathogenic factors lead to different attack rates(P<0.05). The major cause of foodborne disease outbreaks was the mixed food. Conclusion To strengthen the monitoring of high-risk season, high-risk factors, high pollution links, to strengthen on the effective implementation capacity and law enforcement of foodborne disease outbreaks, to strengthen the propaganda of prevention and control of foodborne disease outbreaks, etc, are effective measures to prevent and control foodborne disease outbreaks.