核电站安全壳锚固区局部应力研究

针对核电站安全壳大吨位钢索张拉的结构安全性，用三维有限元方法建立考虑锚具、网格钢筋以及孔道影响的精细分析计算模型，研究了锚固区混凝土的主应力分布状况以及传递机理，结合锚固区混凝土局部承压应力分布规律，为优化锚具结构和降低成本提供理论依据。研究结果表明，用网格筋代替螺旋筋可以提高试件开裂承载力并可以有效地控制劈裂裂缝的开展；张拉过程中锚具本身的应力低于材料的屈服应力；锚垫板下侧的拉裂破坏是可能导致核电站安全壳专用锚具在钢索张拉过程中损伤的主要破损类型。

Study on local stress in anchorage area of nuclear power plant containment

Aiming at the structural safety of large-tonnage steel cables in nuclear power plant containment, three-dimensional finite element method is used to establish a fine analysis and calculation model considering the influence of anchorage, grid reinforcement and channels, and the distribution of principal stress and transfer mechanism of concrete in anchoring area are studied. Combined with the local pressure stress distribution law of concrete in anchoring area, theoretical basis is provided for optimizing anchorage structure and reducing cost. The results show that using mesh reinforcement instead of spiral reinforcement can improve the cracking bearing capacity of specimens and effectively control the development of splitting cracks. The stress of the anchor itself is lower than the yield stress of the material during tensioning. The tensile fracture of the lower side of the anchor plate is the main type of damage that may lead to the damage of the special anchorage of the nuclear power plant containment in the process of cable tension.