基于生物量、活性物质积累和抗氧化能力的当归高海拔种植区域选择

目的以根茎生物量、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力为指标,选择适宜提高当归品质的高海拔种植区域。方法在严格控制种质、水分和土壤养分的条件下,以不同海拔(2 100、2 500和2 900 m)2年生当归根茎为材料,分别对干质量、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力进行测定与分析。结果高海拔虽不能促进当归根茎生物量,却显著提高了活性物质的积累量和抗氧化能力;以单株积累量计算,2 900 m未抽薹当归根茎中阿魏酸、可溶性糖、酚和黄酮类含量分别为2 100 m植株的2.06、1.13、1.34和1.15倍;体外抗氧化能力也随海拔升高逐渐增加。综合分析表明,在2 100～2 900 m海拔内,未抽薹当归根茎中活性物质的总积累量(干质量和单株)均随海拔升高逐渐增加。结论提升当归种植海拔高度可显著提高根茎活性物质量;活性物质生物合成与积累受到低温和光照的综合调控。该研究结果将为提高当归产量和品质以及大面积种植栽培提供理论基础与依据。

Selection of high altitude planting area of Angelica sinensis based on biomass, bioactive compounds accumulation and antioxidant capacity

Objective To select the high altitude planting area for improving the quality of Angelica sinensis based on biomass, bioactive compounds accumulation and antioxidant capacity in rhizome. Methods The experiments were conducted on dry weight (DW), bioactive compounds content and antioxidant capacity in two-year old rhizome of A. sinensis grown at different altitudes (2 100, 2 500, and 2 900 m), under controlling plants reproduced from the seeds of the same plant, the same levels of water and fertilizer in soil. Results Higher altitude was adverse to rhizome biomass, however, the compounds content (DW and per plant basis) and antioxidant capacity were significantly promoted at higher altitude compared to lower altitude site; On a per plant basis, the content of ferulic acid, soluble sugar, phenolics and flavonoids in rhizome of un-bolted plants grown at 2 900 m respectively was 2.06, 1.13, 1.34 and 1.15 fold greater than that of 2 100 m; The antioxidant capacity also increased with higher altitude. Comprehensive analysis showed that total content of main bioactive compounds in rhizome of un-bolted plants increased with higher altitudes ranging from 2 100 to 2 900 m. Conclusion Higher-altitude cultivation can significantly enhance bioactive compounds accumulation in rhizome. The biosynthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds were regulated by low temperature and light. These findings will provide theoretical references for improving production and quality of rhizome as well as large-scale cultivation.