草地贪夜蛾取食为害花生的研究

草地贪夜蛾已成为中国重大入侵农业害虫,明确其对主要农作物的取食为害风险是制定防控策略的基础。我们的室内研究结果表明,25℃下以花生叶片为食的草地贪夜蛾,其幼虫、蛹、幼虫到成虫的发育时间分别为19.33、10.86 d和43.75 d,幼虫的存活率、老熟幼虫化蛹率、蛹的存活率和羽化率分别为82.03%、99.44%、95.44%和91.44%。成虫产卵前期和产卵期分别为6.45 d和5.45 d,单雌平均产卵量为(637.04±27.45)粒,单雌最高产卵量为1289粒,卵的孵化率为81.86%,雌蛾交配率97.36%。取食花生叶片的草地贪夜蛾种群净增殖率(R 0)、平均世代周期(T)、内禀增长率(r m)、周限增长率(λ)、种群加倍时间(t)和总增殖率(GRR)分别为587.12、38.22 d、0.17 d-1、1.18 d-1、4.16 d和874.22。2019年6月-8月在云南省江城县调查了草地贪夜蛾对苗期和花期花生的为害情况,结果显示,幼虫主要取食花生的生长点和顶端幼嫩部位,受害株率分别为80.00%和62.00%。本研究表明花生是草地贪夜蛾的适宜寄主,生产上应加强花生田草地贪夜蛾的监测与防治工作。

Study on the damage of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda to peanut

The fall armyworm(FAW)has become an important invasive agricultural pest in China and understanding of its host range is a key issue for making control strategy.The research results in laboratory at 25℃indicated that the development duration of larvae,pupae and larvae to adults were 19.33 d,10.86 d and 43.75 d,respectively.The survival rate of larvae,pupation rate,pupal survival rate and emergence rate were 82.03%,99.44%,95.44%and 91.44%,respectively.The average fecundity per female was 637.04±27.45 eggs,the maximum single female oviposition was 1289 eggs,hatch rate of eggs was 81.86%,and the mating rate of females was 97.36%.The net reproductive rate(R 0),generation time(T),intrinsic rate of natural increase(r m),finite rate of increase(λ),the population doubling time(t)and gross reproduction rate(GRR)were 587.12,38.22 d,0.17 d-1,1.18 d-1,4.16 d and 874.22,respectively.The damages of FAW on peanut at seedling and flowering stages were investigated from June to August 2019 in Jiangcheng county,Yunnan province.The results showed that the FAW larvae mainly fed on the growth points and young organs of peanuts with the damaged rate of 80.00%at seedling stage and 62.00%at flowering stage,respectively.These results clearly indicates that peanut is a suitable host for FAW,and the monitoring and management of FAW in peanut fields should be pay more attention.