平菇菌株诱变处理及应用初探

为了探讨平菇菌株诱变处理与应用。在平菇培养中,以马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基为基本培养基,设栽培袋培养料A、B、C和D 4个配方,利用紫外线(照射时间分别为为0.51、0和15 min)对平菇菌丝体进行诱变处理,筛选高产优良菌株。利用紫外线对平菇菌丝体进行诱变处理筛选出了高产优良菌株,其菌丝生长表现为生长速度快、菌丝洁白、健壮等特点。与对照(固体棉籽皮培养基)相比,该处理原种和栽培种的菌丝体可提前10~15 d长好,液体菌种比固体菌种可提前10~15 d长满菌袋,提前20~30 d出菇。不同的培养基配方,其产量存在差异,以配方A(以棉籽皮87%,麸皮或米糠10%为主要成分)产量最高,生物学效率达98.7。利用液体培养生产菌种,采用培养基配方A栽培平菇,具有栽培周期短、简化栽培程序,降低成本,提高平菇的品质、产量高和成品率高等优点。

Primary Discussion on the Mutagenesis Treatment of Pleurotus ostreatus Strain and its Application

The study was conducted to discuss the mutagenesis treatment of Pleurotus ostreatus strain and its application.In the culture of P.ostreatus with potato glucose agar medium as basic medium and 4 formulations of bag cultivation(A,B,C and D),the ultraviolet radiation with irradiation time of 0.5,10 and 15 min was used for mutagenesis treatment on mycelium of P.ostreatus to select the good quality and high-yield strain.The strain of P.ostreatus was selected by ultraviolet radiation through mutagenesis treatment.Its mycelium showed the characters of rapid growth,white hyphae and haleness,etc.Compared with CK(solid medium with cotton seed skin),the mycelium from original strain and cultivated strain by the mutagenesis treatment could grow well ahead 10～15 days.The mycelium from liquid strain could grow full of the bag earlier of 10～15 days than that from solid strain and form mushroom earlier of 20～30 days than that from solid strain.The yield had some difference in different medium formulas.The formula A with 87% cotton seed skin and 10% bran or chaff as main components had highest yield with the biology efficiency of 98.7.Producing the strain by liquid culture and cultivatingg P.ostreatus by medium formula had advantages of short culture cycle,simple culture procedure,low cost,good quality,high yield and finished product rate.