精河县土地利用/覆被变化及土地生态安全研究

基于3S技术对土地利用/覆被和土地生态安全的研究,不仅可以为经济发展提供依据,同时也能为生态环境保护提供一定的借鉴。以精河县为研究区,选择2005年、2011年和2014年3期Landsat遥感影像数据,利用RS和GIS技术对精河县的土地利用/覆被进行了定量的提取,结合近10年社会经济数据,构建精河县"驱动力—压力—状态—影响—响应"(Driving force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response,D-P-S-I-R)评价指标体系,对精河县土地利用/覆被与土地生态安全变化进行分析。结果表明:(1)2005—2014年,精河县土地生态安全状况先恶化后改善,总体向好的方面转变,但其分布格局极不平衡;(2)水体、耕地和林草地是精河县土地生态安全指数较高的地类;(3)精河县大部分地区处于临界安全水平,精河县土地生态安全状况亟待改善。

Research of Land Use/Cover Change and Land Ecological Security in Jinghe County

Based on 3S technology,research for industry structure and land use/over can not only provide the basis for economic development,but also provide a reference for the ecological and environmental protection.The Jinghe County was selected as an example for the study,and the Landsat images of 2005,2011 and 2014 were selected as remote sensing data.RS and GIS technology were used to extract land use/cover data of Jinghe County,and near 10 a social-economical data were combined to construct the Driving force-PressureState-Impact-Response (D-P-S-I-R) land ecological security evaluation model in Jinghe.Entropy weight method was used to determine the index weights.Then,the land use/cover and land ecological security changes in Jinghe County were analyzed.The results show that:(1) between 2005 and 2014,the deteriorated land ecological security situation had been improved in Jinghe County,the land ecological security distribution pattern was not unequal;(2) the high value of land ecological security index was water body,farmland,and grassland;(3) many areas in Jinghe County are at the critical security level.The land ecological security of Jinghe County needs to be improved urgently.