青海省太阳辐射强度时空变化特征分析

利用西宁、刚察、格尔木、玉树和玛沁5站的1971-2014年逐日总辐射资料和青海省50个气象台站的温度、降水和日照时数等气象资料，分析了太阳辐射量与气象要素的内在关系，建立了无辐射观测资料地区的太阳辐射推算方法，并根据推算出的各气象站点太阳辐射量，分析了青海省全境太阳辐射量变化规律及分布特征。研究结果表明：青海省年太阳总辐射量在5 668~7 091 MJ·m^-2之间，由西北向东南逐渐递减，全省年太阳总辐射量超过6 000 MJ·m^-2的有42个站点，占全省总站点的84%。太阳总辐射量在春、夏季自东南向西北部逐渐增加，在秋季自西北向东南部逐渐减小，冬季全省各地差异较小。青海省4-8月的太阳辐射量最强，旬太阳辐射量主要集中在3月上旬-10月上旬，周太阳辐射量主要集中在第12周-第43周。青海省太阳日辐射变化趋势均呈抛物线型，早晨和傍晚辐射值较低，日出后开始呈上升趋势，北京时间13：00左右达到最高值后开始下降。日辐射持续时间从3月开始增加，9月开始减少。

Analysis of the spatiotemporal characteristics of solar radiation intensity in Qinghai Province

Using total daily radiation data from five stations and temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration data from 50 stations in Qinghai Province from 1971 through 2014, the amount of solar radiation and meteorological elements were analyzed and established radiation calculation method for no solar radiation observation regions. Solar radiation variation and distribution characteristics in Qinghai Province have calculated and analyzed according to the meteorological station data and the amount of solar radiation. The results showed that annual solar radiation in the province was between 5 668-7 091 MJ·m^-2, gradually decreasing from northwest to southeast. There were 42 stations, accounting for 84% of the total, having annual solar radiation more than 6 000 MJ·m^-2. The amount of solar radiation in spring and summer gradually increased from southeast to northwest and gradually decreased from northwest to southeast in autumn and winter with small spatial difference in the province. There was the strongest solar radiation from April to August. Ten days strong solar radiation mainly concentrated in early March to early October and weekly strong solar radiation mainly concentrated in the 12th to the 43rd week. Daily solar radiation variation had a parabola shape, low in the morning and evening, rising after sunrise, and reaching the highest at about 13:00. The duration of solar radiation increased from March and decreased from September.