学龄儿童亲子视力保护知识态度行为影响因素及其相关性

了解学龄儿童亲子视力保护相关知识、态度、行为现状及其影响因素,为科学开展学龄儿童视力保护健康教育提供参考.方法 选取上海市某区6所小学的学生及家长,采用视力保护KAP调查问卷进行调查,家长有效问卷1 083份,学生有效问卷987份.结果 家长视力保护知识掌握较好的占71.28%,正确态度持有率为87.53%,良好行为形成率为73.13%.年龄、文化程度、职业及年收入对家长视力保护知识、态度、行为均有影响(F年龄值分别为767.85,962.49,523.71;F化程度值分别为1 506.13,363.21,1 104.61;F职业值分别为364.14,234.07,563.12;F年收入值分别为273.56,76.21,563.79;P值均<0.05).家长的视力保护态度与学生的态度及行为之间关联均有统计学意义(r值分别为0.78,0.82,P值均<0.05),家长的视力保护行为与学生的态度及行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.63,0.55,P值均<0.05).结论 应根据家长的年龄、文化程度、职业及年收入的情况,有针对性地开展视力保护保健知识宣传,并让更多的医护人员参与其中,是科学开展学龄儿童视力保护健康教育的有效方法.

A study on the correlation and the influencing factors of knowledge,attitude and practice about vision protection among the parents of the primary school students

Objective To study the status of knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP) about vision protection among the parents of the primary school students and its intluencing factors,and to provide basis for conducting the relevant health education among school-age children.Methods The students and their parents selected from 6 primary schools in a district of Shanghai were required to have a questionnaire study.A total of 1 083 effective questionnaires of parents and 987 ones of students were collected.Results About 71.28% of the parents mastered the knowledge about vision protection,87.53% had proper attitudes and 73.13% had satisfactory practices.Age,educational level,occupation and annual income have made significant influence on the KAP of parents(F=767.85,962.49,523.71,P<0.01);educational level(F=1 506.13,363.21,1 104.61,P<0.01);occupation(F=364.14,234.07,563.12,P<0.01);annual income(F=273.56,76.21,563.79,P<0.05).Parents' attitudes and practices were correlated to the attitudes and practices of their children,and the correlation was of statistical significance(r =0.78,0.82,0.55,0.63,P<0.05).Conclusion A targeted propaganda on vision protection should be conducted in accordance with age,educational level,occupation and annual income of the parents.Changing parents' wrong attitude and ill behaviors,and having more medical workers involved in the education are the effective ways to scientifically carry out the relevant health education among school-age students.