“两山”实践成效评价指标体系构建与测算

将生态环保目标(“绿水青山”)和经济发展目标(“金山银山”)称为“两山”，客观、科学地评价“两山”成效，明晰制约“两山”转化的瓶颈，对于推动“两山”实践进程至关重要.在辨析“绿水青山”与“金山银山”内涵的基础上构建了“两山”实践成效评价指标体系，并以浙江省为例，对浙江省11个城市的“两山”实践成效进行了分析.结果表明:①2008—2017年，综合发展度与“两山”指数均呈波动上升趋势，综合发展程度对“两山”指数产生重要影响，浙江省11个城市间“两山”指数区域性差异明显.②浙江省11个城市间“绿水青山”指数与“金山银山”指数排名基本呈逆向变化特征，丽水市、衢州市等“绿水青山”指数排名靠前，但“金山银山”指数排名靠后.②根据“两山”指数的分布情况，浙江省11个城市可划分为“绿水青山”保护领先型、“金山银山”建设领先型、“两山”建设相对同步型3种类型.研究显示，尽管浙江省“两山”建设已步入第三阶段，但11个城市中“两山”建设差异较大，区域发展不均衡，建议各城市要因地制宜，适时调整政策，推进“两山”实践. 

Construction of an Evaluation Index System to Calculate the Effectiveness of'Two Mountains' Practices

The ecological protection goal ('Lucid Waters and Lush Mountain', LWLM) and the economic development goal ('Gold and Silver Mountains', GSM) are referred to as the 'Two Mountains' in this article. The objective and scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of 'Two Mountains' practices and the clarification of bottlenecks that may restrict the conversion of 'Two Mountains' practices are essential for promoting the advancement of these practices. Based on a clarification of the connotation of the 'Two Mountains' goals, this study establishes an index system for evaluating the effectiveness of 'Two Mountains' practices. In addition, this article analyzes 11 cities in Zhejiang Province in terms of the effectiveness of 'Two Mountains' practices. The results showed the following: (1) During 2008-2017, both the comprehensive development level and the 'Two Mountains' index displayed a fluctuating upward trend, and the comprehensive development level had an important impact on the 'Two Mountains' index. There were also obvious regional differences in the 'Two Mountains' index between the 11 cities. (2) The ranking of the LWLM index and the ranking of the GSM index largely developed in the opposite directions in the 11 cities. Cities such as Lishui and Quzhou ranked high in the LWLM index, but ranked low in the GSM index. (3) According to the distribution of the 'Two Mountains' index, the 11 cities in Zhejiang Province could be divided into three types: the LWLM-leading type, which was a leader in ecological protection, the GSM-leading type, which was a leader in economic development, and the synchronized type, where ecological protection and economic development advanced simultaneously. This study showed that, although Zhejiang Province has entered the third phase of the 'Two Mountains' construction, there are still a large differences between the 11 cities in terms of 'Two Mountains' construction. It also showed that regional development is uneven. Cities should adapt to their local conditions, make timely adjustments in their policies, and promote 'Two Mountains' practices.