提高能源效率的主要技术与途径

与1978年相比，2008年我国电力工业通过降低供电煤耗及线损节约了3．8亿tce，减少二氧化碳排放约9．2亿t，减少二氧化硫排放约320万t，为我国节能减排作出了巨大贡献。但未来我国电力工业将随着中国经济的发展而持续增长，其能源消耗量以及二氧化碳、二氧化硫的排放量将呈不断增加的趋势。这将对电力工业的能效提出严峻的挑战。研究提高发电、输电、配电及用电的能效将具有重要的现实意义。介绍了美国发电、输电、配电及用电方面提高能效的先进技术，结合我国发布的行业标准，探讨提高我国发输配用电效率的途径。

The technologies and methods for improving energy efficiency

Compared with 1978, China＇ s power industry saved 380 million tce in 2008 by reducing electricity consumption and line loss, reduced 920 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions and reduced 3.2 million tons of sulfur dioxide emissions that made a tremendous contribution for China＇s energy-saving and emission reduction. However, in future China＇s electric power industry will increasingly grow with the development of China＇ s economy. Its energy consumption and carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide emissions show a rising trend which will make electric power industry face the energy efficiency challenges. To improve energy efficiency of the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption will have important practical significance. The article introduced the U.S. energy efficiency and advanced technology of power generation, transmission and distribution and power consumption. Combined with China＇s release of industry standards, it discussed the ways to improve the efficiency of electricity transmission and distribution.