一种水介质脉冲形成线充电用Tesla变压器

为了给水介质脉冲形成线快速、高效地充电,研制了一种耦合系数为0.75的Tesla脉冲变压器。推导了开放磁芯结构Tesla变压器的初级和次级电感计算公式;根据研制的变压器几何尺寸,对该变压器的主要参数进行了理论计算并用PSpice软件对变压器给脉冲形成线充电过程进行了模拟计算。该脉冲变压器已应用于基于水介质螺旋脉冲形成线的脉冲调制器中,当变压器的初级输入50kV的脉冲电压时,次级输出脉冲电压给水介质螺旋脉冲形成线充电电压高达720kV,变压器能量效率为36%。理论和模拟结果与实验测量值基本一致,该脉冲变压器具有运行稳定、体积小、结构紧凑等特点。

Tesla Transformer for Charging Water-dielectric Pulse Forming Line

Pulse forming network (PFN) and spiral pulse forming line (PFL) are two effective methods to achieve long pulse. The high power pulse transformer is a very important part in the two methods. This article presents two wildly used types of high voltage pulse transformer, which are air-core pulse transformer and Tesla high power pulse transformer for oil-PFL charging. Neither of them is suitable for water-PFL charging. In order to charge the water-PFL quickly and efficiently, a Tesla pulse transformer with coupling coefficient 0.75 is designed and experimentally investigated. The designed transformer consists of primary windings, secondary windings, inside and outside magnetic cores and so on. The primary windings is made from copper strip fastened by supporting case and the secondary windings is made from copper line, which is wound along a spiral groove on a tapered nylon stick. The formulas for calculating the primary and secondary inductances of the Tesla transformer with open magnetic core are deduced, with which the main parameters of the transformer are calculated theoretically. In addition, the process of the Tesla transformer charging the PFL is simulated through the PSpice software. The transformer is employed to charge spiral water-PFL in a high current electron beam accelerator. When the primary voltage is 50 kV, the transformer can charge the water-PFL to 720 kV with an energy conversion efficiency of 36%. The theoretical and simulated results agree well with the experimental results. The transformer is featured by its compactness, stability and reliability.