循环流化床垃圾焚烧炉固体残留物的特性研究

在对流化床垃圾焚烧炉的固体残留物--飞灰、积灰和底渣进行化学成分、微观形态、元素分布和物相分析的基础上，对其特性进行了全面的了解。分析结果表明：飞灰表现为高钙低硫，具有较强的积灰倾向，飞灰中的Ca主要来自垃圾；尾部烟道各受热面区段的飞灰性质变化不大，飞灰的微观形态极不规则，没有熔融球化痕迹；飞灰中的主要物相为石英和钙的硅酸盐；尾部烟道受热面积灰主要为Ca-S型积灰，烧结致密化强化了积灰的持续生长，积灰内部有明显的多相反应痕迹，致密的烧结结构与松散烧结颗粒交互存在；积灰中的主要物相是CaSO4；底渣的性质复杂多变，高密度、高硬度和高熔点物质为其主要成分。

Characteristics Investigation of the Solid Residues from CFB Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator

Based on the analysis of solid residues(fly ash,ash deposits and bottom ashes) from a circulated-fluidized-bed(CFB) municipal-solid-waste(MSW) incinerator in terms of chemical composition,micro-morphology,elemental distribu-tion and mineralogy,their characteristics were investigated from several aspects.The results show that the fly ashes are rich in calcium but poor in sulfur and more likely to deposit on heat-transfer surfaces.The MSW is the main origination of calcium.The properties of fly ashes along the convection pass have few differences.The microstructures of fly ashes are rather disordered.No fusion or sphere phenomena appears in the fly ash particles.Quartz and silicates of calcium are the main minerals phases in the fly ash.Ash deposits are rich in calcium and sulfur.Sintering and solidification mechanism promote the continued development of deposits.Inside the deposits,there are obvious marks of multiphase reaction.The deposits' fabric is made up by alternations of compacted sintering frameworks and loose agglomerated particles.Main minerals phase in the ash deposits is CaSO4.The characteristics of bottom ash are very complex and variable.High-density,high-rigidity and high-melting point substances are main components in the bottom ashes.