基于振动特征的智能电缆防外破监测技术研究

电力电缆是城市输配电系统的重要组成成分，其运行状态关系着城市供电的可靠性。近年来，因施工、偷盗、改造引起的电缆外力破坏问题长期威胁电缆运行安全，但由于电缆分布广、运行环境复杂，目前缺乏有效的监测和预警方法，传统的在线监测系统因其改造成本和维护难度较大，且难以在城市电缆系统中实现主动预警。本文首先基于压电传感器研制了无线分布式的电缆外力扰动智能传感器，并对其数据处理、低功耗电源管理、取能单元以及物联网通讯方法进行了分析；通过典型外力激励下电缆振动试验，获得了电缆振动信号的时域特征和时频域特征，并提取了可用于外力扰动识别的特征参量，为建立基于物联网的分布式电缆防外破智能预警系统鉴定基础。

Cable External Damage Warning Technology based on Vibration Features

Power cable is an important component of urban power distribution power system. In recent years, the cable force damage caused by construction, theft and transformation which give rise to the long-term threat to safe operation of cable. Due to the complexity of cable distribution and running environment, applying the traditional on-line monitoring system to active warning in cable system seems impossible especially considering its high cost in transformation as well as maintenance. Firstly, in this paper, a wireless distributed intelligent sensor is developed for monitoring cable force disturbances, and its data processing, low power consumption management and the Internet of things (IoT) communication method are analyzed in details; Then, the time-domain and the time-frequency-domain characteristics of the cable vibration signal are obtained experimentally under the typical force excitations for recognition of force disturbance, which built a basis for IoT-based cable external damage warning system.