大城市职住空间匹配及其与轨道交通的协调发展研究:以深圳市为例

轨道交通将高密度职住空间串联,主要是从客流生成的角度促进人们更多地使用轨道交通和减少小汽车的使用,还需要从客流流动的角度考虑职住空间匹配的需求以及其与轨道交通的协调关系.以深圳市作为研究案例,采用建筑普查数据、社保信息数据、居住人口数据和轨道交通刷卡数据等多源信息数据,通过分析深圳市的职住空间分布特征及其与轨道交通的关系,探讨职住空间匹配问题及其与城市轨道交通的互动协调.研究提出:发展轨道型职住匹配,关注低生活成本居住空间的供给,但不能以轨道型职住匹配替代近域型职住匹配;弱化轨道交通的长距离通勤功能,基于就业中心的集聚构建生活通勤圈,形成客流流动的多中心城市格局.

Spatial Match of Jobs-housing and the Rail Transit's Role in Commuting Metropolis: A Case Study of Shenzhen

The connection of high-density jobs-housing spaces by rail transit is expected to push more people to use public transport other than private cars.However,it is not clear how passengers flow distributes on the rail transit network.This paper,uses Shenzhen as a case,and discusses the jobs-housing spatial match and the rail transit's role in commuting by analyzing the distribution of jobs and housing space as well as commuting characteristic of rail transit.The analysis is based on multi-source big data from building surveys,residential surveys,social security information and metro card records.It is proposed that:①cities should take advantage of rail transit and provide more low-cost living space to promote the spatial match between jos and housing.However,affordable housing near the job center must not be displaced.②As it is easier to organize the transportation in a polycentric urban spatial structure,more attention should be put on establishing commuting circles centered the metro stations in jobs centers rather than emphasizing the rail transit's advantage on long-distance commuting.