略论铁路突发公共卫生事件应急处理个人防护装备基本要求

铁路突发公共卫生事件主要包括重大传染病疫情、集体性食物中毒和集体性职业中毒三种,危害因素复杂多样,个体防护装备是应急处理首选的预防性措施,在构建＂以人为本,和谐铁路＂的时代背景下,对个人防护装备的种类和性能提出更高要求。本研究分析了铁路突发公共卫生事件中的主要危害因素,提出了个人防护分级和防护装备分类原则,并对防护装备的性能选择、使用维护以及培训演练提出基本要求,以确保防护装备切实起到防护作用,充分保障应急队员的健康和安全,保证应急处理工作的顺利进行。

Discussion on basic requirements for personal protective equipment of emergency treatment on the railway abrupt public hygiene affairs

The railway abrupt public hygiene affairs included major infectious diseases,collective food poisoning and collective occupational poisoning. Complex and diverse risk factors made individual protective equipment the preferred emergency preventive measure.During construction of＂people-oriented, harmonious railway＂,types and attributes of personal protective equipments were highly demanded.In this paper,major risk factors in railway public health emergencies were analyzed.Principles on classification and protection of personal protective equipment were proposed.Basic requirements for selection, maintenance,and training about protective equipments were also raised to ensure the effectiveness of protective equipments,and to fully protect the health and safety of the emergency team,so that emergency treatment work can be well-done.