核酸检测与抗体检测在艾滋病诊断中的价值

目的 探讨核酸检测、抗体检测在艾滋病诊断中的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2017 年4 月～2019 年4 月我市收集的100 例艾滋病患者的完整临床资料，100 例患者均接受过抗体检测、核酸检测，对比分析核酸检测、抗体检测诊断早期、中晚期艾滋病感染者的诊断符合率及灵敏度。结果 经核酸、抗体检测，核酸检测早期艾滋病感染者的诊断符合率（93.33%）高于抗体检测（75.00%）；抗体检测诊断中晚期艾滋病感染者的诊断符合率（97.50%）高于核酸检测（75.00%）；核酸检测诊断早期艾滋病感染者的灵敏度（96.55%）高于抗体检测（80.36%）；抗体检测诊断中晚期艾滋病感染者的灵敏度（88.64%）高于核酸检测（71.43%）（P＜0.05）。结论 在艾滋病感染的早期诊断中，核酸检测早期艾滋病感染者的准确率、灵敏度均较高，而在艾滋病感染的中晚期诊断中，抗体检测的准确率、灵敏度则均较高。因此，核酸检测与抗体检测各有优势，临床医师应依据实际情况选择适宜的检测方式，如有必要，可尝试将二者结合应用，进一步提高临床检测艾滋病感染的诊断准确性和灵敏度，帮助医师尽早确诊艾滋病，早期予以患者相应的抗病毒治疗。

Value of nucleic acid testing and antibody testing in the diagnosis of AIDS

Objective To explore the clinical value of nucleic acid testing and antibody testing in the diagnosis of AIDS.Methods The complete clinical data of 100 AIDS patients collected in our city from April 2017 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.All 100 patients received antibody testing and nucleic acid testing.The diagnostic coincidence rate and sensitivity of nucleic acid testing and antibody testing in the early and middle stages of patients with advanced HIV infection have been compared and analyzed.Results The diagnostic coincidence rate(93.33%) of early HIV-infected patients with nucleic acid testing was higher than that of antibody testing(75.00%).The diagnostic coincidence rate(97.50%) of the middle and advanced HIV-infected patients with antibody testing was higher than that of nucleic acid testing(75.00%).The sensitivity(96.55%) of nucleic acid testing in diagnosing early HIV infection was higher than that of antibody testing(80.36%).The sensitivity of antibody testing in diagnosing middle and advance HIV infectio(88.64%) was higher than that(71.43%) of nucleic acid testing(P<0.05).Conclusion In the early diagnosis of AIDS infection,the accuracy and sensitivity of nucleic acid detection in early HIV infection are high,while in the diagnosis of the middle and advanced AIDS infection,the accuracy and sensitivity of antibody detection are both high.Therefore,nucleic acid testing and antibody testing have their own advantages.Clinicians should choose appropriate testing methods based on actual conditions.If necessary,the two can be tried to combine further improve the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of clinical testing for HIV infection.If necessary,try to combine the two to further improve the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of clinical detection of HIV infection,help physicians diagnose AIDS as soon as possible,and give patients corresponding antiviral treatment early.