塔里木河下游土壤盐分空间变异规律研究

针对目前干旱区广泛存在的土壤盐渍化问题,以塔里木河下游流域为研究区,基于经典统计学和地统计学相结合的方法,研究不同层次土壤盐分的空间变异特征。同时利用研究区典型断面的2000-2011年期间地下水埋深和矿化度数据,探讨土壤盐分的影响因素及其变化规律。结果表明:研究区土壤盐分普遍较高表聚作用明显且存在着空间上的相关性,在垂直方向上呈现自上而下逐渐递减的趋势,在水平方向上表现出整体条带状,局部斑块状格局的变异特征。地下水埋深和矿化度是影响土壤盐分分布的主要因素,土壤全盐量与两者存在良好的指数函数关系,根据地下水埋深和矿化度的年际变化间接反馈出研究区土壤盐分的变化趋势,从而为研究区的土壤盐渍化防治及区域水盐运动调控提供理论基础和科学依据。

Study on spatial variation law of soil salinity in lower reaches of Tarim river

For the widespread problem of soil salinization in arid zone,the paper took the lower reaches of Tarim river basin as research area and studied the spatial variation of soil salinity at different levels by use of the method of combining classical statistics and geo statistics. At the same time,it discussed the influence factors of soil salinity and its variation law by use of the data of groundwater depth and salinity at typical section from 2000 to 2011.The results showed the accumulation was manifest on the surface, the accumulation effect of soil salinity is obvious and there is a significant correlation in space.The effect decreases gradually from top to bottom in vertical direction and maintains integral strip in the horizontal direction and the variation characteristics of local patch pattern The groundwater depth and salinity is the major factor which impacts distribution of soil salinity.There is a good exponential function between soil whole salt with groundwater depth and salinity. The inter-annual variability of groundwater depth and salinity, indirectly reflected the trend of soil salinity,which can provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for soil salinity control and regulation of regional water and salt movement in the study area.