姬松茸发酵条件及其菌丝水提物抗黄瓜黑星病的研究

对姬松茸(Agaricus blazei Murrill)发酵条件及其菌丝水提物对黄瓜黑星病的诱导抗病性进行了研究. 为得到菌丝发酵的最大生物量，通过正交试验确定了姬松茸的液体发酵培养基配方为(%)：玉米淀粉3.50，酵母粉0.30, KH2PO4 0.20, MgSO4×7H2O 0.15, CaCl2 0.05, 玉米浆0.2. 于25oC发酵8 d，生物量达到8.65 g/L. 经黄化子叶喷雾接种法测定，姬松茸菌丝水体物对黄瓜黑星病的平均诱导抗病效果为74.04%. 毒性测定结果表明，该产物按农药分级属于低毒. 证明了姬松茸菌丝水提物是一种高效低毒的生物农药.

Investigation on Cucumber Scab Resistance with Mycelial Water Extracts from Agaricus blazei Murrill Fermentation

The optimal formula of fermentation medium obtained by orthogonal experiment were as follows (%): maize amylum 3.50, yeast extract 0.30, KH2PO4 0.20, MgSO47H2O 0.15, CaCl2 0.05 and maize plasm 0.20. By the culture at 25oC for 8 d, the maximum mycelial biomass reached 8.65 g/L. The average resistance effect of the mycelial water extracts to the disease of cucumber scab reached 74.04% by spraying spore suspension on yellow cotyledon. The toxicity test showed that the mycelial water extract is a low toxic according to pesticide classification. The mycelial water extract is proved to be a high-effect and low-toxicity bio-pesticide.