废旧印刷线路板电解过程中铜的分布特性

以废旧印刷线路板粉末为原材料,采用压片电解方法回收单质铜,研究了CuSO_4·5H2O浓度、H_2SO_4浓度、电流密度、电解时间和NaCl浓度对电解过程中Cu分布特性的影响。结果表明:废旧印刷线路板中的Cu以Cu2+的形式进入溶液,最终以粉末形式沉积在阴极;过高的H_2SO_4浓度、电流密度和NaCl浓度会导致析氢反应等,从而降低Cu在阴极和溶液中的分布;当CuSO_4·5H_2O浓度、H_2SO_4浓度、电流密度、电解时间、NaCl浓度分别为50 g/L、6 mol/L、80 m A/cm~2、5 h、40 g/L时,Cu在阴极、溶液、阳极泥中的分布比率分别为63.16%、34.14%和2.70%。

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF COPPER IN WASTE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DURING ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS

Powders of waste printed circuit boards from computer were directly pressed as the anode to recycle copper powder by electrolysis.The effect of CuSO4 · 5H2O concentration,H2SO4 concentration,current density,electrolysis time and NaCl concentration on distribution of copper during electrolysis process were examined in detail.The results showed that copper contained in WPCBs entered in the electrolyte as the form of copper ions,and finally deposited in the cathode in the form of powder.A relatively higher concentration of H2SO4,NaC1 or a relatively higher current density would lead to hydrogen evolution,thus decrease the distribution rate of Cu in the cathode and solution.When CuSO4 ·5H2O concentration was 50 g/L,H2SO4 concentration was 6 mol/L,current density was 80 mA/cm2,NaCl concentration was 40 g/L and the electrolysis time was 4 h,the distribution proportion of Cu in the cathode,solution and anode residue was 63.16％,34.14％ and 2.70％,namely.