精神科男护士工作压力与应对方式及社会支持的调查研究

目的 了解精神科男护士的主要工作压力、所采取的应对方式及社会支持之间的关系.方法 采用工作压力源量表、简易应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表对北京市某三级甲等医院95例精神科男护士进行问卷调查.结果 精神科男护士工作压力平均水平为(2.69±0.57)分,排在首位的压力源是护理专业及工作方面的问题,其中工资及其他的福利待遇低,护理工作的社会地位低为主要的压力源;工作压力源总分及工作环境及资源方面,病人护理方面,管理及人际关系方面与消极应对方式呈正相关(P＜0.01);工作压力源与社会支持呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 应重视精神科男护士的工作压力,需要社会给予多方面的支持和理解,设法减轻工作压力.精神科男护士应采取积极的应对方式,提高心理素质以最佳的心理状态投入工作.

Relationship among working stress, coping style and social supports in male nurses of psychiatric department

Objective To study the relationship among working stress, coping style and social supports of male nurses in psychiatric department. Methods 95 male nurses in psychiatric department were investigated by filling out Nurse Job Stressors Questionnaires （NJSQ）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）, and Comprehension Social Support Scale（PSSS）. Results The average pressure level of work pressure source of this group of nurses was 2. 694-0.57, above the moderate level, mainly on the aspects of nursing profession and lob itself. Main stressors included the remuneration, benefits, and social status descend,and the low income. Compared with normal Chinese norm , the score of passive coping were dramatically lower in this group nurses （P 〈 0.01）. The work pressure was positively corre- lated to passive coping （r = 0. 313,r = 0. 283, r =0. 298,P 〈 0.01）. There was negatively relationship between the work pressure and social support （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The work pressure of male nurse in psychiatric department should be highly paid attention to and it is essential for them to be provided with social support system, to be helped for relieving working stress. In addition, positive coping style should be adopted, in order to improve social adaptability and mental health, by these nurses, so as to enhance nursing quality.